Study on climatology and evolution of stratospheric aerosols and their effects on ozone depletion

平流层气溶胶的气候学和演化及其对臭氧消耗的影响研究

基本信息

批准号：
10440134
负责人：
HAYASHIDA Sachiko
金额：
$ 8.06万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1) Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II data at multiple wavelengths were analyzed to show how aerosol extinction data decays with time following major volcanic eruptions. The time variation of the extinction coefficient was compared to the Ångstrom parameter, which is a good indicator of particle size. A clear anti-correlation existed between the extinction and the Ångstrom parameter after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. Comparison of the extinction coefficients and Ångstrom parameters in 1989/90 and 1999 made it clear that the aerosol layer was affected by volcanic eruptions, even in 1989/90. Computations of effective radii showed that the Ångstrom parameter is a good proxy for particle size. The distinguishing negative correlation can be characterized as a feature of a decay period following volcanic eruptions.2) The extinction data of the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) on board the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) captured more than 60 polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) profiles during the winter and early spring of 1997 in the Northern Hemisphere. That winter is well known for its long-lasting polar vortex and significant ozone loss over the Arctic. The highest probability of sighting PSCs was obtained in mid-January at an altitude of approximately 23 km, and subsequent occurrences of PSCs were found intermittently at lower altitudes until mid-March.The ILAS aerosol extinction coefficient and nitric acid data were compared with the theoretically predicted values for supercooled ternary solution (STS), nitric acid dihydrate (NAD), and nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles to infer the chemical composition of the observed PSC particles. The observations showed that in 1997, type 1 a and 1b PSCs formed over the Arctic during winter and early spring, until mid-March. The ILAS observed typical type 1b PSCs on January 19^<th> and 20^<th>. Most of the PSCs observed late in the PSC season had features of type 1 a PSCs.

1）分析了多个波长的平流层气溶胶和气体实验（SAGE）II数据，以显示大火山喷发后的气溶胶扩展数据如何随时间而衰减。将扩展的时间变化与Ångstrom参数进行了比较，Ångstrom参数是粒径的良好指标。 Pinatubo山爆发后，延伸和Ångstrom参数之间存在明显的反相关。有效半径的扩展计算的比较表明，Ångstrom参数是粒径的良好代理。区别负相关可以被描述为火山喷发后的衰变期的特征。2）在1997年冬季和1997年春季的1997年春季，在1997年春季和北部的北部半炎症中，升高了超过60个极性平流层云（PSC）的高级地球观察卫星（ADEOS）的改进的肢体大气光谱仪（ILA）的扩展数据。那个冬天以其持久的极性涡流和北极的臭氧损失而闻名。发现PSC的最高可能性是在1月中旬以约23公里的高度获得的，随后在较低高度处发现PSC的发生，直到3月中旬，在较低的高度处发现了ILAS Aerosolenosol延长系数和硝酸数据与超冷的TernRIC TERTRIRIC TERNRIC TERNRIC TERNRIC（NITRIC TERTRIC）（St），并将其与NITRIC TERNRIC TERNRIC（NITRIC TERTRIC）（NITRIC TERTRIC）（NITRIC TERNRIC）进行了比较（酸三水合物（NAT）颗粒，以推断观察到的PSC颗粒的化学组成。观察结果表明，在1997年，在冬季和早春在北极形成的1 a和1b PSC型，直到3月中旬。 ILA在1月19日和20^<th>上观察到了典型的1B PSC。在PSC季节后期观察到的大多数PSC具有1型A PSC的功能。