Study on the stratospheric minor species related to ozone depletion using the satellite data

本研究旨在探讨破坏平流层臭氧的化学过程。对平流层小物种的卫星资料进行了分析，探讨了它们的空间分布和时间演变。特别是通过非均相反应对臭氧消耗的关键因素平流层气溶胶进行了分析。已经收集和分析了一些重要的卫星数据集。本文对TOMS （total ozone mapping Spectrometer）全球总臭氧观测资料进行了分析，揭示了臭氧的长期变化。分析了平流层气溶胶测量II （SAMII）和平流层气溶胶和气体实验II （SAGE II）数据，以了解气溶胶全球气气学以及极地平流层云（PSCs）发生的频率。分析了SAGAII观测平流层气溶胶在1.02、0.525、0.453、0.385微米处的消光系数。1985 - 1995年11年记录的时间序列显示，1991年Pinatubo火山喷发（1991年6月，菲律宾）后，物种灭绝明显增加。消光系数的波长依赖性在皮纳图博火山喷发后也发生了显著变化，表明大颗粒的存在。先进地球观测卫星（ADEOS）上的TOMS和改进型Lim大气光谱仪（ILAS）可以在ADEOS运行期间获得高质量的数据。1997年3月底和4月初，TOMS/ADEOS观测到北极上空臭氧总量的最低水平。观测到的北极上空臭氧损失可以表现为极地涡旋的延长和低温持续到早春。在1997年1月至3月间，用ILAS观测到许多PSCs。大部分PSC在涡旋内部表现良好，活跃的PSC出现在1月中旬，然后零星出现直到3月初。

This research is to investigate the chemical processes destroying stratospheric ozone. We have analyzed the satellite data of stratospheric minor species and investigated the spatial distribution and the time evolution of them. In particular, we focused on the analysis of the stratosperic aerosol which is the key factor on ozone depletion through the heterogeneous reactions.Some significant satellite data sets have been collected and analyzed. The global data set of the total ozone observed with TOMS (Total Ozone mapping Spectrometer) have been analtzed to show the long term change in ozone. Stratospheric Aerosol measurements II (SAMII) and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) data were analyzed to understand the aerosol global climatology as well as the frequency of PSCs (Polar Stratospheric Clouds) occurrence.The four wave-length extinction coefficients at 1.02,0.525,0.453,0.385 micron for the stratospheric aerosols observed with SAGAII were analyzed. the time series of 11 year record from 1985 through 1995 shows the strong increases of the extinction in 1991 after the eruption Pinatubo (June 1991, Philippine). The wavelength dependence of the extinction coefficient also significantly changed after the eruption of Pinatubo, showing the existence of large particles.TOMS and Improved Lim Atomospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) board on Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) could obtain the data of high quality during the period of ADEOS operation. TOMS/ADEOS observed the record low level of total ozone over the Arctic in late March and early April 1997. The observed ozone loss over the Arctic can be characterized as the prolonged polar vortex and persisitency of cold temperature until early spring. Many PSCs had been observed with ILAS from January to March 1997. Most of the PSCs were seen well inside vortex and the active PSC occurrence have been observed in mid-January followed by the sporadic occurrence until early March.