Study on the stratospheric minor species related to ozone depletion using the satellite data

利用卫星数据研究与臭氧消耗有关的平流层次要物种

• 批准号: 07640589
• 负责人: HAYASHIDA Sachiko
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Nara Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07640589/
• 关键词: Stratosperic Ozone; Stratosperic Aerosol; Stratosperic minor species; Satellite Observation; Middle Atomosphere; Atomospheric Chemistry; SAGEII

This research is to investigate the chemical processes destroying stratospheric ozone. We have analyzed the satellite data of stratospheric minor species and investigated the spatial distribution and the time evolution of them. In particular, we focused on the analysis of the stratosperic aerosol which is the key factor on ozone depletion through the heterogeneous reactions.Some significant satellite data sets have been collected and analyzed. The global data set of the total ozone observed with TOMS (Total Ozone mapping Spectrometer) have been analtzed to show the long term change in ozone. Stratospheric Aerosol measurements II (SAMII) and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) data were analyzed to understand the aerosol global climatology as well as the frequency of PSCs (Polar Stratospheric Clouds) occurrence.The four wave-length extinction coefficients at 1.02,0.525,0.453,0.385 micron for the stratospheric aerosols observed with SAGAII were analyzed. the time series of 11 year record from 1985 through 1995 shows the strong increases of the extinction in 1991 after the eruption Pinatubo (June 1991, Philippine). The wavelength dependence of the extinction coefficient also significantly changed after the eruption of Pinatubo, showing the existence of large particles.TOMS and Improved Lim Atomospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) board on Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) could obtain the data of high quality during the period of ADEOS operation. TOMS/ADEOS observed the record low level of total ozone over the Arctic in late March and early April 1997. The observed ozone loss over the Arctic can be characterized as the prolonged polar vortex and persisitency of cold temperature until early spring. Many PSCs had been observed with ILAS from January to March 1997. Most of the PSCs were seen well inside vortex and the active PSC occurrence have been observed in mid-January followed by the sporadic occurrence until early March.

本研究旨在探讨破坏平流层臭氧的化学过程。分析了平流层次要种的卫星资料，研究了它们的空间分布和时间演变。特别是通过非均相反应对臭氧层破坏的关键因素--平流层气溶胶进行了分析，收集了一些重要的卫星数据集并进行了分析。利用TOMS（Total Ozone mapping Spectrometer）观测的全球臭氧总量资料，分析了臭氧的长期变化。为了了解平流层气溶胶的全球气候特征和极区平流层云（PSC）的出现频率，分析了平流层气溶胶测量Ⅱ（SAMII）和平流层气溶胶和气体实验Ⅱ（SAGE II）的资料，并对SAGAII观测到的平流层气溶胶在1.02，0.525，0.453，0.385 μ m波段的消光系数进行了分析。从1985年到1995年的11年记录的时间序列表明，在1991年皮纳图博火山爆发（1991年6月，菲律宾）后，灭绝的强烈增加。Pinatubo火山爆发后，消光系数的波长依赖性也发生了显著变化，表明大粒子的存在。ADEOS运行期间，搭载在ADEOS上的TOMS和改进型Lim大气光谱仪（ILAS）能够获得高质量的数据。1997年3月下旬和4月上旬，海洋气象卫星/高级地球观测卫星观测到北极上空的臭氧总量达到创纪录的低水平。北极上空臭氧损失的主要特征是极涡持续时间的延长和低温持续到早春。1997年1月至3月间，在ILAS系统中观察到许多PSC。大多数PSC都在涡旋内部，1月中旬观察到活跃的PSC发生，随后直到3月初才零星发生。

项目成果

林田 佐智子, 西村 亜紀, 斉藤 尚子: "SAGEIIで観測された成層圏エアロゾル消散係数の波長依存性の時間空間変動について" リモートセンシング学会誌. 18-1(未定). (1998)

Sachiko Hayashida、Aki Nishimura、Naoko Saito：“SAGE II 观测到的平流层气溶胶消光系数的时间和空间变化”，遥感学会杂志 18-1 (TBD)。