Study on the stratospheric minor species related to ozone depletion using the satellite data

本研究旨在研究破坏平流层臭氧的化学过程。我们分析了平流层次要物种的卫星资料，研究了它们的空间分布和时间演化。特别是，我们重点分析了平流层气溶胶，这是通过非均相反应造成臭氧消耗的关键因素。收集并分析了一些重要的卫星数据集。对TOMS观测的全球臭氧总量数据进行了分析，揭示了臭氧的长期变化。分析了平流层气溶胶测量II(SAMII)和平流层气溶胶与气体实验II(SAGE II)资料，以了解全球气溶胶气候和极地平流层云(PSCS)的发生频率，分析了SAGAII观测到的平流层气溶胶在1.02、0.525、0.453、0.385微米处的四个波长消光系数。从1985年到1995年的11年时间序列显示，1991年皮纳图博火山喷发(菲律宾，1991年6月)后物种灭绝的强劲增长。在皮纳图博喷发后，消光系数的波长依赖关系也发生了显著变化，表明存在大粒子。先进地球观测卫星(ADEOS)上的TOMS和改进的LIM原子层光谱仪(ILAS)板可以在ADEOS运行期间获得高质量的数据。TOMS/ADEOS在1997年3月底和4月初观察到北极上空臭氧总量达到创纪录的低水平。北极上空观测到的臭氧损失可以表现为极地涡旋的延长和寒冷温度的持续到早春。从1997年1月至3月，用ILAS观察到了许多PSC。大部分PSC都在涡旋内部可见，并在1月中旬观察到活跃的PSC出现，随后是零星出现，直到3月初。

This research is to investigate the chemical processes destroying stratospheric ozone. We have analyzed the satellite data of stratospheric minor species and investigated the spatial distribution and the time evolution of them. In particular, we focused on the analysis of the stratosperic aerosol which is the key factor on ozone depletion through the heterogeneous reactions.Some significant satellite data sets have been collected and analyzed. The global data set of the total ozone observed with TOMS (Total Ozone mapping Spectrometer) have been analtzed to show the long term change in ozone. Stratospheric Aerosol measurements II (SAMII) and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) data were analyzed to understand the aerosol global climatology as well as the frequency of PSCs (Polar Stratospheric Clouds) occurrence.The four wave-length extinction coefficients at 1.02,0.525,0.453,0.385 micron for the stratospheric aerosols observed with SAGAII were analyzed. the time series of 11 year record from 1985 through 1995 shows the strong increases of the extinction in 1991 after the eruption Pinatubo (June 1991, Philippine). The wavelength dependence of the extinction coefficient also significantly changed after the eruption of Pinatubo, showing the existence of large particles.TOMS and Improved Lim Atomospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) board on Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) could obtain the data of high quality during the period of ADEOS operation. TOMS/ADEOS observed the record low level of total ozone over the Arctic in late March and early April 1997. The observed ozone loss over the Arctic can be characterized as the prolonged polar vortex and persisitency of cold temperature until early spring. Many PSCs had been observed with ILAS from January to March 1997. Most of the PSCs were seen well inside vortex and the active PSC occurrence have been observed in mid-January followed by the sporadic occurrence until early March.