Chemical and Luminescent Aspects of Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence : Control and Observation

单泡声致发光（SBSL）是指一个或几个被困在声驻波中的气泡发出脉冲发光的现象。自从十年前发现这个现象以来，许多研究人员对它进行了深入的研究，部分原因是这个气泡在空间和时间上是静止的。本研究旨在利用SBSL，探索与空化有关的“发光-流体动力学-化学反应”的交叉领域。以下四位研究人员参与了该项目：S.Hayashi在获得技术诀窍的同时测量了气泡的性质。镰仓从理论上和实验上研究了声辐射。宫崎骏做了一个理论。涡对气泡动力学的影响研究。k.k yasui提出了一个详细的理论模型，其中许多分子和自由基解离和电离，并将其应用于以下问题：表面活性剂如何影响SBSL，更多的动力学，氢SBSL最突出的原因，单泡和多泡声致发光的区别等。对于SBSL实验，我们首先重点发展了实验技术，以产生气泡和测量性质。测试了各种声学谐振器和换能器。随后，我们采用了mie散射技术来研究气泡动力学，但遇到了低信噪比和大背景信号等困难。在理论建模的帮助下，这些问题都得到了解决。我们还使用视频显微镜和针式水听器进行了测量。视频显微镜在电解辅助的SBSL中非常有用，其中在电极上产生了播种气泡。我们通过超声波观察了电解过程中电极上的气泡是如何生长的，小颗粒是如何离开的，以及气泡是如何在电极上凝固的。因此，我们已经达到了探索新的跨学科领域所需要的基本理解。少

The single-bubble sonoluminescence(SBSL)is a phenomenon in which a single or a few bubbles that are trapped in the acoustic standing waves emit pulsed luminescence. The phenomenon has been investigated intensively by many researchers since it was discovered ten years ago, partly because the bubble is stationary in space and time. the purpose of the present research is to explore the interdisciplinary field of "luminescence-fluid dynamics-chemical reactions" associated with cavitaton by exploiting SBSL.The following four researchers participated in the project : S.Hayashi measured the properties of bubbles while obtaining the know-how. T.Kamakura investigated acoustical radiation theoretically and experimentally. T.Miyazaki did a theoretical. research on vortices, which affect the bubble dynamics. K.Yasui proposed a detailed theoretical model in which many molecular and radical species dissociated and ionized, and applied it to the following problems : how surfactants affect the SBSL dy … More namics, what makes hydrogen SBSL most outstanding, how single-bubble and multibubble sonoluminescence differ, etc.As for the SBSL experiment, we first focused on the development of experimental techniques for creating bubbles and measuring the properties. Various acoustical resonators and transducers were tested. We then adopted a Mie-scattering technique to investigate the bubble dynamics, but met some difficulties such as low S/N and large background signals. With the help of theoretical modelling, these problems have been resolved. We also did measurements using video microscope and needle-type hydrophones.Video microscopy was very useful in electrolys-assisted SBSL in which seeding bubbles were created on the electrodes. We observed how the bubbles grow on the electrode during electrolysis, how small particles leave from it, and how the bubbles coagulate on the electrode by ultrasounds. Thus, we have achieved a basic understanding required for exploring the new interdisciplinary field. Less