A Study on the Principles of the Design of Castle Towns

城下町设计原则研究

• 批准号: 10450189
• 负责人: SHINOHARA Osamu
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10450189/
• 关键词: Design of Castle Town; Block Layout; Waterway; Micro Topography; Design Unit; 街区; 掘割; 関発単位; 魚市場; 青物市場; 市場の立地特性; 寺町; 桑名; 微地形の復原; 正保絵図; 地盤沈下量

This study gives principles of the design logic of castle towns which had unique urban fabric composed of well-developed infrastructure, such as streets, waterways and drainage. In the study, block layouts, design units, the process of the development are analyzed in some major castle towns. As a result, the study has clarified some principles : 1) Every town has its own standards of block layouts. 2) Waterway is located as boundary of land use. 3) The size and location of waterway are more influenced by the topography than the block layout. 4) Waterway is located on lowlands so that new land drains naturally. 5) New land is developed by heaping up earth along waterway. 6) Basic layout of street is grid, which is sometimes imperfect and not based on cardinal points. 7) The volume of earth to develop new land decided the width of waterway. 8) Advantage in defense is important point in deciding the site of castle town. Rivers, Lakes and waterways are regarded as elements of fortifications. 9) The range of weapons in those days, for example arrow, gun and cannon, determined the size and location of waterway.Also, this study gives a new method to research micro topography using the "Shouho Ezu", which is an old map drawn early in the Edo period. The micro topography of Kuwana is successfully restored by this method, and the logic of its design is rationally explained.

本研究提出了由街道、水道和排水等基础设施组成的独特的城市结构的城堡城镇的设计逻辑原则。在研究中，对一些主要城堡城镇的街区布局、设计单元、发展过程进行了分析。因此，这项研究明确了一些原则：1)每个城镇都有自己的街区布局标准。2)航道是土地利用的边界。3)航道的大小和位置受地形的影响大于区块布局。4)航道位于低地，新的土地自然排水。5)沿航道堆土开发新土地。6)街道的基本布局是网格，有时不完善，不以基点为基础。7)开发新土地的土方量决定了航道的宽度。8)防御性优势是决定城堡选址的重点。河流、湖泊和水道被视为防御工事的要素。9)箭、炮、炮等武器的射程决定了航道的大小和位置，同时也为利用江户时代早期绘制的旧地图《守和e组》研究微地形提供了一种新的方法。用这种方法成功地恢复了库瓦那的微地形，并合理地解释了其设计逻辑。

项目成果

Masahiko EGAMI and Osamu SHINOHARA: "Micro Topography Restoration of Kuwana Castle Using "Shouho Ezu""Infrastructure Planning Review. No.17. 83-88 (2000)

Masahiko EGAMI 和 Osamu SHINOHARA：“利用“Shouho Ezu”恢复桑名城的微地形”基础设施规划审查。

江上雅彦,篠原修: "正保絵図を用いた桑名城郭の微地形復原"土木計画学研究・論文集. No.17. 83-88 (2000)

Masahiko Egami、Osamu Shinohara：“利用 Shoyasu 的插图恢复桑名城的微地形”土木工程规划研究和论文 No. 17. 83-88 (2000)。

Keisuke IKEDA, Takahiro ABE and Osamu SHINOHARA: "A Study on the Principles of the Design of Semba and Shimanouchi Districts in Osaka City"Historical Studies in Civil Engineering. Vol.21 (Printing). (2001)

Keisuke IKEDA、Takahiro ABE 和 Osamu SHINOHARA：《大阪市船场和岛之内地区设计原则研究》土木工程历史研究。

阿部貴弘,篠原修: "江戸における城下町中心部の都市設計"土木学会論文集. No.632/IV-45. 63-76 (1999)

Takahiro Abe、Osamu Shinohara：“江户城下町中心的城市设计”日本土木工程师学会论文集第 632/IV-45 号（1999 年）。

江上雅彦,篠原修: "正保絵図を用いた桑名城郭の微地形復源"土木計画学研究・論文集. No.17. 83-88 (2000)

Masahiko Egami、Osamu Shinohara：“利用 Shoyasu 的插图重建桑名城的微地形”土木工程规划研究和论文第 17. 83-88 (2000)。