Development of tree cultivation techniques using ectomycorrhizal fungi

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The aim of this project was to establish novel techniques of inoculation of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi to tree seedlings. In addition, we also investigated symbiotic functions and reproduction of ECM fungi as the basis for the establishment. We have obtained a lot of knowledge from the basic investigation, and have indicated a practical possibility that both ECM seedlings and soil on which ECM seedlings are cultivated work well as ECM fungal inocula. Main outcomes are as follows :1. Basic investigations : (1) Competitive interaction between ECM fungi was observed in detail. (2) By tracer experiments, it was clearly indicated that photosynthetic products are not transferred between plants that are linked each other by mycelia of ECM fungi. (3)By DNA polymorphism analyses of ECM fungi, extents of mycelial extension and spore dispersal were defined and gene flow was also inferred by microsatellite polymorphic analysis. (4) By DNA polymorphism analysis of ectomycorrhizae, the subterranean genet was defined. (5) ECM community structure was investigated by ITS polymorphism in mycorrhizae.2. Applied investigations : (1) Infection patterns from an ECM seedling to non-ECM seedlings were investigated and effectiveness of the ECM seedling as an ECM fungal inoculum was indicated. (2) Soil on which ECM seedlings were cultivated was also investigated and its effectiveness as an ECM fungal inoculum was also indicated. (3) Mixing the soil with several materials raised the infection efficiency.