Development of tree cultivation techniques using ectomycorrhizal fungi

利用外生菌根真菌培育树木技术的发展

• 批准号: 10460064
• 负责人: HOGETSU Taizo
• 金额: $ 8.32万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460064/
• 关键词: ectomycorrhiza; symbiotic function; 14C tracer experiment; Dipterocarp; inoculum; soil remediation material; reproduction; microsatellite (SSR) marker; アカマツ; フタバガキ科; コツブタケ; 外生菌根菌接種源; 母樹; 培養土; チチアワタケ; ハナイグチ; カラマツ林; ISSRマーカー; 繁殖様式; ジェネット

The aim of this project was to establish novel techniques of inoculation of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi to tree seedlings. In addition, we also investigated symbiotic functions and reproduction of ECM fungi as the basis for the establishment. We have obtained a lot of knowledge from the basic investigation, and have indicated a practical possibility that both ECM seedlings and soil on which ECM seedlings are cultivated work well as ECM fungal inocula. Main outcomes are as follows :1. Basic investigations : (1) Competitive interaction between ECM fungi was observed in detail. (2) By tracer experiments, it was clearly indicated that photosynthetic products are not transferred between plants that are linked each other by mycelia of ECM fungi. (3)By DNA polymorphism analyses of ECM fungi, extents of mycelial extension and spore dispersal were defined and gene flow was also inferred by microsatellite polymorphic analysis. (4) By DNA polymorphism analysis of ectomycorrhizae, the subterranean genet was defined. (5) ECM community structure was investigated by ITS polymorphism in mycorrhizae.2. Applied investigations : (1) Infection patterns from an ECM seedling to non-ECM seedlings were investigated and effectiveness of the ECM seedling as an ECM fungal inoculum was indicated. (2) Soil on which ECM seedlings were cultivated was also investigated and its effectiveness as an ECM fungal inoculum was also indicated. (3) Mixing the soil with several materials raised the infection efficiency.

该项目的目的是建立将外生菌根（ECM）真菌接种到树苗上的新技术。此外，我们还研究了ECM真菌的共生功能和繁殖，作为建立的基础。我们从基础研究中获得了很多知识，并表明了ECM幼苗和培养ECM幼苗的土壤作为ECM真菌接种物的实用可能性。主要成果如下： 1．基础研究：(1)详细观察了ECM真菌之间的竞争性相互作用。 (2)示踪实验明确表明，ECM真菌菌丝体相连的植物之间不传递光合产物。 (3)通过ECM真菌的DNA多态性分析，确定菌丝延伸和孢子扩散的程度，并通过微卫星多态性分析推断基因流。 (4)通过外生菌根DNA多态性分析，明确了地下基因。 (5)利用ITS多态性研究菌根ECM群落结构。2．应用研究：(1)研究了从ECM幼苗到非ECM幼苗的感染模式，并表明了ECM幼苗作为ECM真菌接种物的有效性。 (2)还对培养ECM幼苗的土壤进行了调查，并表明了其作为ECM真菌接种物的有效性。 (3)将土壤与多种材料混合提高感染效率。

项目成果

Nara,K.,Kawahara,M.,Hogetsu,T.: "The application of ecotomycorrhizal fungi to dipterocarp seedlings: evaluating the soil substrate used to cultivate mycorrhizal seedlings as an effective inoculum."Proc.Int.Sym."Can biological production harmonize with env

Nara，K.，Kawahara，M.，Hogetsu，T.：“生态菌根真菌在龙脑香幼苗中的应用：评估用于培养菌根幼苗的土壤基质作为有效接种物。”Proc.Int.Sym.“可以生物生产

Hogetsu, T.: "A hidden actor in the forest ecosystem-Symbiosis between trees and ectomycorrhizal fungi. (in Japanese)"Tanpakushitu-Kakusan-Koso. 43(7). 1246-1253 (1998)

Hogetsu, T.：“森林生态系统中的隐藏演员——树木与外生菌根真菌之间的共生。（日语）”Tanpakushitu-Kakusan-Koso。

宝月岱造: "外生菌根菌の利用-環境と調和した森林再生にむけて-"遺伝. 52. 48-53 (1998)

Daizo Hozuki：“使用外生菌根真菌 - 实现与环境和谐的森林再生 -”遗传学 52. 48-53 (1998)。

Wu,B.,Nara.K.,Hogetsu,T.: "Competition between ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing on Pinus densiflora"Mycorrhiza. 9. 151-159 (1999)

Wu，B.，Nara.K.，Hogetsu，T.：“在赤松上定殖的外生菌根真菌之间的竞争”菌根。

Wu, B., Nara, K., Hogetsu, T: "Can 14C-labeled photosynthetic products move between Pinus densiflora seedlings linked by ectomycorrhizal mycelia?"New Phytol.. 149. 137-146 (2001)

Wu, B., Nara, K., Hogetsu, T：“14C 标记的光合产物可以在由外生菌根菌丝体连接的赤松幼苗之间移动吗？”New Phytol.. 149. 137-146 (2001)