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Surfactant Flushing Technique for the Removal of Residual NAPL from the Heterogeneous Subsurface Media

用于去除非均质地下介质中残留 NAPL 的表面活性剂冲洗技术

基本信息

批准号：
10555171
负责人：
INOUE Yasushi
金额：
$ 6.46万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Once non-aqueous phase liquid remains behind into the soil pores as a small droplet after filtrating into the ground, it becomes extremely difficult to remove. Aims of this study are the development of the innovative technology that reduces interfacial tension between water and residual NAPL by injecting the surfactant solution into the ground, and that remove it by solubilizing and dispersing into aqueous phase as a micellar, or mobilizing NAPL phase itself. Researches were conducted to establish the formulation on the optimum surfactant solution for enhancement of NAPL mobilization, and to demonstrate the efficiency by applying the formulation to the model porous media.Results were obtained as follows :1. Mobilization of NAPL was dependent on the hydrophobic group length of surfactant. It is very important to have enough carbon chain length in the surfactant for forming the micell. And the existence of alcohol and sodium chloride is effective for enhancing the NAPL mobility. Qualitative description on the relationship between those concentration and interfacial tension was found.2. The formulation for deciding the optimum salinity, which minimizes interfacial tension, was constructed by examining the relationship between alcohol concentration and carbon number of the NAPL, surfactant type and concentration, temperature. And the examination was carried out on NAPL saturation (NAPL content), which was the important parameter that shows present state of NAPL in the porous media, as the result, optimization level of the formulation was developed.3. Applying the formulation to soil column test and two-dimensional soil tank test, it was shown that more than 95% of the residual NAPL could be mobilized and removed. And, using the image analysis that is non-contact and non-disturbing method, it was explained that the mobilization mechanism of NAPL largely depended on its residual situation, and the factor, which affects the optimization, was considered.

非水相液体一旦进入土壤后以小液滴的形式残留在土壤孔隙中，就很难去除。本研究的目的是开发一种创新技术，通过将表面活性剂溶液注入地下来降低水和残余NAPL之间的界面张力，并通过将其溶解和分散到水相中作为胶束或动员NAPL相本身来去除它。建立了增强NAPL动员的最佳表面活性剂溶液配方，并将该配方应用于模型多孔介质，验证了其效率。实验结果如下：1。NAPL的动员取决于表面活性剂的疏水性基团长度。表面活性剂中有足够的碳链长度对于胶团的形成是非常重要的。乙醇和氯化钠的存在对提高NAPL的迁移率是有效的。对这些浓度与界面张力之间的关系进行了定性描述。通过考察醇浓度与NAPL碳数、表面活性剂类型与浓度、温度的关系，构建了确定界面张力最小的最佳盐度的配方。并对表征多孔介质中NAPL状态的重要参数——NAPL饱和度（NAPL含量）进行了测试，从而确定了配方的优化水平。将该配方应用于土柱试验和二维土槽试验，结果表明，该配方可使95%以上的残余NAPL被动员和去除。利用非接触无干扰的图像分析方法，解释了NAPL的动员机制在很大程度上取决于其残留情况，并考虑了影响优化的因素。