Development of a new measure for controlling pine wilt disease using oviposition deterrents of insect vector, Monochamus alternatus

松墨天牛交替交错，雌蜂在对峙后立即在卵附近放置果冻状物质。这种物质阻止了同种雌性的反对。活体雌虫的长精囊腺内可见无色至淡黄色透明液体，死后变为琥珀色透明的弹性物质，与对面疤痕中的果冻状物质极为相似。精囊腺的甲醇提取物能阻止雌蜂的反对。切片显示，精囊腺中的液体位于交配法囊内。事实表明，精囊腺产生了产卵威慑作用。精囊腺甲醇提取物经丙酮和甲醇分级后，甲醇不溶物具有一定的产卵抑制作用。浓缩后用冷甲醇处理，将活性组分分离为甲醇不溶组分，包括蛋白质组分和甲醇可溶组分。这两个组分都没有产卵--…更具震慑作用。它们混合在一起也无法恢复活性。新鲜幼虫的甲醇提取物能阻止雌虫的反对。提取物用苯、氯仿、丙酮和甲醇进行分级。由于只有苯溶组分显示出产卵威慑作用，因此通过连续的硅胶柱层析将其分离成六个组分。其中正己烷可溶部分具有一定的产卵威慑作用。用柱层析法将六烷可溶物分成五个组分。由于得到的苯溶组分和甲醇溶组分具有产卵抑制作用，因此对这两个组分进行了薄层分析，分别观察到7个和3个斑点。苯级分中的一种物质显示出产卵威慑作用。GC和GC-MS联用鉴定出6个化合物。在所有化合物中，苯乙酮的产卵威慑作用最强，但无统计学意义。较少

Monochamus alternates females deposit jelly-like substance near the eggs just after opposition. The substance deterred the conspecific females from opposition. Colorless to pale yellow, transparent liquid was present in the long spermathecal gland of living females and changed to amber, transparent, elastic substance after females died, which greatly resembled jelly-like substance in opposition scars. Methanol extract of spermathecal gland deterred females from opposition. Section showed that the liquid in spermathecal gland was found in bursa copulatrix. The facts showed that spermathecal gland produced the oviposition deterrents. When methanol extract of spermathecal gland was fractionated with acetone and methanol, methanol-insoluble fraction showed an oviposition-deterring effect. Treatment with cold methanol after concentration divided the active fraction into methanol-insoluble fraction including protein and methanol-soluble fraction. Neither of the two fractions had oviposition- … More deterring effect. A mixture of them could not recover the activity. Methanol extract of fresh larval frass deterred females from opposition. The extract was fractionated with benzene, chloroform, acetone, and methanol. As only the benzene-soluble fraction showed an oviposition-deterring effect, it was fractionated into six fractions by successive silica gel column chromatography. Hexane-soluble fraction of them had an oviposition-deterring effect. The hexanesoluble fraction was partitioned into five fractions by column chromatography. As the resulting benzene soluble and methanol-soluble fractions showed an oviposition-deterring effect, both fractions were subjected to TLC analysis, where 7 and 3 spots were observed, respectively. Substances of one spot from benzene fraction showed an oviposition-deterring effect. GC and GC-MS revealed the presence of 6 compounds. Acetophenone thus identified showed the greatest oviposition-deterring effect among the compounds although there was no statistical significance. Less