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ANALYSIS OF GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN ESTERAZSE ISOZYME ZYMOGRAPH OF THE JAPANESE PINE SAWYER,MONOCHAMUS ALTERNATUS HOPE (COLEOPTERA : CERAMBYCIDAE)

目的探讨日本松Monochamus alternatus Hope（鞘翅目：天牛科）Esterazse同工酶酶谱的地理变异分析

基本信息

批准号：
06454087
负责人：
YAMANE Akiomi
金额：
$ 4.74万
依托单位：
NIHON UNIVERSITY (1995-1996)University of Tsukuba (1994)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Heavy infestations of pines have been occurring for decades in Japan, caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) and its vector, the Japanese pine sawyer (JPS), Monochamus alternatus hope PWN was thought to be introduced from the New World with imported timbers in some time. The original distributions and relationship among the related nematode species have been studied through crossing and DNA analysis, and the origin of PWN invaded to Japan has been well illustrated. As for the vector, JPS is endemic and distributed widely in Japan, and also in East Asias. The invasion and expansion of the heavy infestations to uninfested areas have been mainly caused by the movement of JPS,by themslves naturally, or by artificial movement of the infested pine logs for utilization in which the larvae are breeding. Morphologically JPS in Japan is not different among regious, but JPS in Taiwan is different from those in Japan, as following : Taiwanese and Chinese populations : one pair of rusty longitudinal stripes on pronotum distinct ; elytra with balck markings, granules around the anterior angle large, anterior median carina distinct. For prevention of pine mortality by controling PWN and JPS,occurrence of JPS emergence is the most essential, of which time is dependent on the eco-physiological characteristics of the populations and environmental conditions. The population in Taiwan does not need hibernation to complete its generation, but JPS in Japan needs hibernation and to break the diapause low temperature is required.The report is to elucidate whether there are some differences among the populations besides morphological and eco-physiological points, and hope to contribute further taxonomy of the sawyers in and outside Japan. Esteraze isozymes of JPS of various origin were analyzed, and it is showed that JPS in Taiwan and main land China have quite different isozyme patterns from those in Japan, suggesting their taxonomical differences.

几十年来，日本一直发生严重的松树虫害，这是由松材线虫（PWN）及其媒介日本松索耶虫（JPS）引起的，松墨天牛（Monochamus alternatus hope PWN）被认为是在一段时间内从新大陆与进口木材一起引入的。通过杂交和DNA分析，研究了近缘种线虫的起源分布和亲缘关系，阐明了入侵日本的松材线虫的起源。作为病媒，JPS在日本是地方性的，并且在东亚也广泛分布。严重危害区向非危害区的侵入和扩展主要是由JPS的移动、它们自身的自然移动或人工移动受侵害的松树原木以利用幼虫繁殖所引起的。在形态学上，日本各地区JPS无明显差异，但台湾JPS与日本不同，台湾和中国人群：前胸背板上有一对锈色纵纹明显，鞘翅有黑色斑纹，前角周围颗粒大，前中隆突明显。要通过防治松材线虫和松褐天牛来防止松树死亡，松褐天牛的出现是最关键的，松褐天牛的出现时间取决于种群的生理生态特性和环境条件。台湾的种群不需要冬眠就能完成世代，而日本的JPS种群需要冬眠，解除滞育需要低温，本文旨在阐明除形态和生理生态外，各种群间是否存在差异，以期对日本及国外锯木天牛的分类学研究有所贡献。对不同来源的JPS进行了酯酶同工酶分析，结果表明台湾和中国大陆的JPS与日本的JPS同工酶谱有很大不同，表明它们的分类差异。