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SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VISIOAL ATTENTION

视觉注意力的时空特征

基本信息

批准号：
11410024
负责人：
YOKOSAWA Kazuhiko
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Some phenomena, for example, midstream order deficit, curve tracing, and negative priming, were taken up for the research of spatio-temporal characteristics of visual attention.Apprehending the relative order of a four-letter sequence is easier in a single presentation than in a repeated presentation, in which a four-letter sequence is presented many times. This phenomenon is termed the midstream order deficit (MOD) . It is examined whether the MOD occurred when the location of each letter was maintained discretely from the others. Relative order accuracy was lower in repeated presentation trials than in single presentation trials, although letter accuracy was significantly higher in the repeated trials than in the single trials. This result suggests that MOD occurred significantly even when the location of each letter was kept separate from the others. The larger MOD occurred under the random-location condition a compared with the fixed-location condition. This indicates that the fixe … More dness of the locations raised the relative order accuracy.Curve tracing is considered an operation that integrates information from different parts of a visual field. In studies of curve tracing using 3-D stimuli, it is observed that could not be well explained only in terms of the distance between the target line and the closest distractor line. Not only the closest but the distractor lines at wider range affect curve tracing. Such as saliency or weighting functions should be considered to regulate curve tracing.Negative priming (NP) is a delay in response to a current-trial (probe) target that was ignored as a (prime) distractor in the preceding trial. Larger NP was observed in the high-familiarity condition in the identification task, but in the matching task no NP was observed, regardless of the stimulus familiarity. It is obtained that the relationship between NP and stimulus familiarity depends not only on the task requirements but also on the manipulation of stimulus familiarity. Less

在视觉注意的时空特征研究中，注意的中游顺序缺失、曲线追踪、负启动等现象被采用，四个字母序列的相对顺序在单次呈现中比在多次呈现中更容易获得。这种现象被称为中游订单赤字（MOD）。它检查是否MOD发生时，每个字母的位置保持离散的其他。相对顺序的准确性是较低的重复演示试验比在单一演示试验，虽然字母的准确性是显着高于重复试验比在单一试验。这一结果表明，即使每个字母的位置与其他字母分开，MOD也会显著发生。与固定位置条件相比，随机位置条件下的MOD更大。这表明， ...更多信息曲线跟踪被认为是一种整合来自视野不同部分的信息的操作。在使用3-D刺激的曲线追踪的研究中，观察到仅用目标线和最近的干扰线之间的距离不能很好地解释。不仅最近的而且在更宽范围内的干扰线影响曲线追踪。负启动（Negative priming，NP）是指在前一次试验中被忽略的干扰物，在对当前试验（probe）目标的反应中出现的延迟。在识别任务中，在高熟悉度条件下观察到较大的NP，但在匹配任务中没有观察到NP，无论刺激熟悉度如何。结果表明，名词性短语与刺激熟悉度之间的关系不仅取决于任务要求，而且取决于刺激熟悉度的操作。少