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The faith and lifestyle of nuns and the historical changes in imperial convents as seen through medieval and early modern documents

从中世纪和近代文献看修女的信仰和生活方式以及皇家修道院的历史变迁

基本信息

批准号：
11410094
负责人：
NISHIGUCHI Junko
金额：
$ 2.75万
依托单位：
SOAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11410094/
关键词：
Nimonzeki Jiin Bikuni gosho Hokyuji monjo Yorin'an monjo Koshoin monjo Cyuguji monjo Reikanji monjo Jijuin monjo

项目摘要

Currently, there are twelve imperial convents in Kansai that are called ama monzeki. They had been called bikuni gosho during the medieval and early modern periods. Recently, research on medieval bikuni gosho has developed strikingly, but research on early modern bikuni gosho is virtually nonexistent, because there had been no surveys of their documents.Yet, these ama monzeki house many documents from the mid-Edo period. Our current project has been to survey the documents of the following ama monzeki : Hokyoji, Yorin an, Koshoin, Reiganji, Jijuin and Chuguji. We have created an index of documents that will serve as the basis for future research. We have clarified the historical changes these convents underwent.The bikuni gosho of the early modern period were inhabited by princesses and other aristocratic women. They wrote the documents now preserved at the ama monzeki. From their contents, we can see that the nuns actively ran the convents and that they worked politically to increase their status. Previous research concluded that bikuni gosho were places aristocratic women were confined, but we have shown that these nuns enjoyed active social roles. This could only have been brought to light by our document survey.We also clarified-through surveys of the Buddhist ritual and ceremony manuals, of their literary materials including waka poetry and classical books, and of their art and handiwork-the unique culture of the bikuni gosho that unified the life of the court with that of the temple. Because documents dating from the modern period survive in a volume much greater than we anticipated, we were able to trace the historical changes of imperial lineage temples under the religious policies of the Meiji regime. This research project yielded many results.

目前，关西有十二所皇家修道院，被称为“天门寺”。在中世纪和近代早期，它们被称为“bikuni gosho”。近年来，对中世纪美国书的研究取得了惊人的发展，但对近代早期美国书的研究几乎不存在，因为没有对其文献进行调查。然而，这些海女文迹中保存着许多江户时代中期的文献。我们当前的项目是调查以下海女门迹的文献：宝京寺、赖林庵、甲书院、灵严寺、济寿院和中宫寺。我们创建了一个文档索引，作为未来研究的基础。我们已经阐明了这些修道院所经历的历史变迁。近代早期的比库尼御所居住着公主和其他贵族妇女。他们撰写的文件现在保存在海女门迹中。从内容中我们可以看出，修女们积极经营修道院，并在政治上努力提高自己的地位。之前的研究得出结论，比库尼御所是限制贵族女性的地方，但我们已经证明这些尼姑享有积极的社会角色。这只能通过我们的文献调查才能揭示出来。我们还通过对佛教仪式和仪式手册、其文学材料（包括和歌诗和经典书籍）及其艺术和手工艺品的调查，澄清了将宫廷生活与寺庙生活统一起来的美国御所的独特文化。由于现存的近代文献数量远超我们的预期，我们得以追溯明治政权宗教政策下皇族寺庙的历史变迁。这个研究项目取得了许多成果。