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The development of the CGE model based on the integrated environmental and economic accounting and the simulation analysis of the environmental policies

基于环境经济综合核算的CGE模型开发及环境政策模拟分析

基本信息

批准号：
11430003
负责人：
ARIYOSHI Noritoshi
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Kumamoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study consists of two parts :(1) The application analysis of the integrated environmental and economic model of the Leontief-typeSurveying several classic models of the Leontief-type which integrate environment and economy in the general equilibrium framework, the structure of the Leontief 1970 model is extensively and analytically investigated in this report. By referring also to comments made by Richard Stone, James Meade and others, applied environmental policy analyses based on the Leontief model as well as the expansion and generalization of the model itself are presented. Finally the Leontief model is reformulated as a computable general equilibrium model, including microeconomic behavior of producers and consumers, and taxation by the government Simulations of implementing environmental policies such as to introduce an environmental tax are performed by the use of the Leontief-type CGE model.(2) A CGE analysis of Japan's environmental SAMFirst, Japan's environmental SAM is constructed by compiling the date of Japanese SEEA and SNA Secondly, A CGE analysis of Japan's environmental SAM is conducted with a focus on "imputed environmental costs" or "eco-margin". By using GAMS-HERCULES, we have gained three main results : 1) an increase in environmental tax rates reduces the eco-margin ; 2) an increase in capital [labor] has undesirable [desirable] effects on the environment ; 3) a direct reduction of "imputed environmental costs" by increasing inputs needed for environmental protection purposes has almost negligible effects on the rest of the economy with, of course, eco-margin reduced to zero.

（1）列昂惕夫型环境经济一体化模型的应用分析本文通过对列昂惕夫型环境经济一体化模型在一般均衡框架下的几个经典模型的考察，对列昂惕夫1970模型的结构进行了深入的分析研究。本文还参考了理查德·斯通、詹姆斯·米德等人的评论，介绍了基于列昂惕夫模型的应用环境政策分析以及对该模型本身的扩展和推广。最后将Leontief模型转化为一个可计算的一般均衡模型，包括生产者和消费者的微观经济行为，以及政府的税收。通过使用Leontief型CGE模型对实施环境政策，如引入环境税进行了模拟。(2)日本环境SAM的CGE分析首先，通过汇编日本SEEA和SNA的数据来构建日本的环境SAM。其次，对日本的环境SAM进行CGE分析，重点是“估算的环境成本”或“生态边际”。通过运用GAMS-HERCULES方法，我们得到了三个主要结论：1）环境税税率的增加降低了生态边际; 2）资本[劳动]的增加对环境有不利的[理想的]影响; 3）通过增加环境保护所需的投入来直接减少“估算环境成本”，对经济的其他部分几乎可以忽略不计，当然，生态边际降至零。