Engineering Applications of Berry's Geometric Phase Information

本研究项目的目的是将Berry的几何相位信息用于工程应用。发展了一种新型的偏振干涉显微镜，它可以将微观物体的局部表面倾斜度可视化为称为光子自旋重定向位相的几何位相图像。主要成果概括如下：1.光子自旋重定向位相的实验检测利用圆偏振光通过非平面光路的干涉法检测了光子自旋重定向位相，并从实验上阐明了它与光束传输方向变化历史的关系。发展高效的Berry位相分析算法及其计算机代码开发了一种用于统一分析和评价光束在复杂光学系统中传输的自旋重定向和Pancharatnam位相的高效算法和计算机代码。Berry相与动力学相分离技术的建立建立了一种新的差示偏振干涉技术，通过消除动力学相来实现对Berry相的选择性检测。搭建了Berry位相干涉显微镜的实验系统，并通过对硅片上三维微结构局部表面倾斜引入的Berry相的可视化实验验证了该方法的有效性。

The purpose of this research project is to exploit Berry's geometric phase information for engineering applications. A novel polarization interference microscope was developed that can visualize local surface inclinations of a microscopic object as a geometric phase image called a photon spin-redirection phase image. The main accomplishments are summarized in the following :1. Experimental Detection of Photon Spin-redirection PhasePhoton spin-redirection phase was detected by interferometry using circularly polarized light passing through non-planar optical paths, and its relation to the history of the beam propagation direction changes was experimentally clarified.2. Development of Efficient Algorithm and Its Computer Code for Evaluation of Berry's PhaseAn efficient algorithm and computer code were developed for unified analysis and evaluation of spin-redirection and Pancharatnam phases for a beam propagating in a complex optical system.3. Establishment of Technique for Separation of Berry Phase from Dynamical PhaseA new technique of differential polarization interferometry was developed that enables selective detection of Berry phase by eliminating dynamical phase.4. Construction and Experimental Demonstration of Berry Phase Interference MicroscopeAn experimental system was constructed and the validity of the proposed technique was demonstrated by visualizing Berry phase introduced by local surface inclinations of 3-D micro structures on a Si wafer.