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Are plant biomass and growth accounted for by Leaf biochemistry of photosynthesis in rice ?

植物生物量和生长是由水稻光合作用的叶子生物化学来解释的吗？

基本信息

批准号：
11460029
负责人：
MAKINO Amane
金额：
$ 7.87万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460029/
关键词：
Photosynthesis Biomass Oryza sativa L.Rubisco Transgenic plant Nitrogen use Growth Rice 呼吸遺伝子組替デンプンコムギ窒素高CO_2 Triticum aestivm L.Oryza Sativa L.形質転換体植物 Orysasativa L

项目摘要

In this study, I examined how the potential capacity of photosynthesis is related to the growth and biomass of the whole plant. Although most of the dry weight of plants consists of photosynthetic products, many studies have shown that the photosynthetic rate per unit of leaf area does not necessarily reflect the rate of the whole-plant growth and biomass. I considered that morphology and allocation of biomass and N at the level of the whole plant as well as leaf photosynthesis are important for plant growth. Of course, transgenic rice plants with decreased Rubisco showed lower rates of photosynthesis and had smaller growth and biomass. However, potential photosynthesis in a leaf was also regulated at the level of the whole-plant growth. For example, I found the decrease in leaf-N content induced by CO_2 enrichment. This phenomenon was of crucial importance for plant growth under CO_2 enrichment. This decrease in leaf-N content was not due to dilution of N caused by relative increases in the leaf area or plant biomass. This was the result of a change in N allocation of the whole plant. During long-term growth under CO_2 enrichment, rice re-allocated N away from leaf blades to leaf sheaths and roots. In contrast, the rbcS antisense rice plants preferentially allocated N and biomass into leaf blades. Thus,plants regulate photosynthesis in a leaf by changing the N and biomass allocation within the whole plant.

在这项研究中，我研究了光合作用的潜在能力与整个植物的生长和生物量之间的关系。虽然植物的大部分干重是由光合作用产物组成的，但许多研究表明，单位叶面积的光合作用速率并不一定反映整个植物的生长速度和生物量。我认为生物量和氮素在整个植物水平上的形态和分配以及叶片的光合作用对植物的生长都是重要的。当然，Rubisco降低的转基因水稻植株表现出较低的光合作用速率和较小的生长和生物量。然而，叶片的潜在光合作用也是在全株生长水平上进行调节的。例如，我发现了CO_2浓度升高引起的叶片氮含量的下降。这一现象对CO_2浓度升高条件下植物的生长具有重要意义。叶N含量的下降不是由于叶面积或植物生物量的相对增加导致N的稀释所致。这是全株氮素分配发生变化的结果。在CO_2浓度升高的长期生长过程中，水稻将氮素从叶片重新分配到叶鞘和根部。相反，RBC反义水稻植株优先将N和生物量分配到叶片中。因此，植物通过改变氮素和生物量在整个植物中的分配来调节叶片的光合作用。