Sustainable Agroforestry-system basing on the Mountain Livestock Production

结缕草型草地是最适合实现可持续农林复合系统的草地，因此本研究重点研究结缕草型草地的功能。选择Sanbe作为一个领域，并进行了土壤科学，生态和经济的方法。主要研究结果如下：1）土壤分析结果：开垦后的结缕草型草地土壤结构发育不全。但20年后，土壤物理环境得到了很大改善，土壤表层根垫发达，20 cm土层为硬盘层。2）生态学分析结果：结缕草型草地保存了红皮书中的白头翁、杜鹃花等植物，具有恢复生物多样性的作用。3）经济分析结果：首先采用“旅行费用条件价值法“对有无结缕草类型草地的三别山景观价值进行了估算。其次，从价值的差异性出发，估算结缕草型草地的价值。价值约为410亿日元。草原是非常宝贵的。因此，必须解决因共有权而产生的问题，建立包括中央政府在内的新的支持体系，以鼓励结缕草草地的发展。

This study focuses on functions of Zoysia-type grassland, because the grassland is the most suitable for realization of sustainable agraforestry-system.Mt. Sanbe is chosen as a field, and soil scientific, ecological and economic approach have been done. The main results are as followings ;1) The result of soil analysis : On the reclaimed Zoysia-type grassland, the soil structure was not enough developed. However, after 20 years, soil physical environment was improved greatly, i.e., well developed root mat on the soil surface and hard pan layer at the depth of 20 cm. Subsequently, a granular structure was developed which caused a great improvement in water permeability, drainage, and moisture retention.2) The result of ecological analysis : Zoysia-type grasslands conserve Pulsatilla cernua and Rhododendron japonica etc.listed in the Red Book and can recover biodiversity. The grasslands, just like paddy field, also create the comfortable landscape and amenity for visiting people.3) The result of economic analysis : first by using "Contingent Valuation Method by Travel Cost, " the value of the landscape of Mt.Sanbe with and without Zoysia-type grasslands is estimated. Second from the difference of the values, the value of Zoysia-type grassland is estimated. The value is about 41.0 billions yen. The grassland is very valuable. The troubles due to the right of common have to be resolved and new supporting system including central government should be constructed for encouraging the development of Zoysia japonica grassland.