Sustainable Agroforestry-system basing on the Mountain Livestock Production

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This study focuses on functions of Zoysia-type grassland, because the grassland is the most suitable for realization of sustainable agraforestry-system.Mt. Sanbe is chosen as a field, and soil scientific, ecological and economic approach have been done. The main results are as followings ;1) The result of soil analysis : On the reclaimed Zoysia-type grassland, the soil structure was not enough developed. However, after 20 years, soil physical environment was improved greatly, i.e., well developed root mat on the soil surface and hard pan layer at the depth of 20 cm. Subsequently, a granular structure was developed which caused a great improvement in water permeability, drainage, and moisture retention.2) The result of ecological analysis : Zoysia-type grasslands conserve Pulsatilla cernua and Rhododendron japonica etc.listed in the Red Book and can recover biodiversity. The grasslands, just like paddy field, also create the comfortable landscape and amenity for visiting people.3) The result of economic analysis : first by using "Contingent Valuation Method by Travel Cost, " the value of the landscape of Mt.Sanbe with and without Zoysia-type grasslands is estimated. Second from the difference of the values, the value of Zoysia-type grassland is estimated. The value is about 41.0 billions yen. The grassland is very valuable. The troubles due to the right of common have to be resolved and new supporting system including central government should be constructed for encouraging the development of Zoysia japonica grassland.