A study on use of phytoinformation for diagnosis and plant management in greenhouses

我们研制了一种新的图像分析系统，能够定量分析叶绿素a荧光的两个方面：i）诱导法测定叶绿素荧光强度在暗-光转换过程中的变化; ii）饱和脉冲法测定叶绿素荧光猝灭。利用该系统分析了除草剂对菜豆光合活性的影响。叶子结果表明，两种荧光测定方法均能检测到除草剂对叶片光合作用的伤害。气孔导度和同化率的降低也表现为气孔导度的降低。通过诱导法获得的信息可有效地确定除草剂对电子传递系统的破坏位点。饱和脉冲法比诱导法更能定量分析光合伤害。然而，饱和脉冲方法需要均匀分布的高水平的光合有效辐射（PAR），这使得它很难适用于大的叶面积。与此相反，诱导方法不需要如此高的PAR水平进行测量，并且更容易用于大的叶面积。因此，同时使用饱和脉冲法和诱导法能够详细诊断光合系统的损伤。

We have developed a new image analysis system, capable of quantitative analysis of two aspect of chlorophyll a fluorescence: i ) the changes in intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence during dark-light transitions by the induction method, and ii ) the chlorophyll fluorescence quenching by the saturation pulse method. With this system we analyzed the effects of an herbicide on the photosynthetic activity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. leaves. Furthermore, stomatal conductance and assimilation rate were measured with a diffusion porometer.Results showed that the photosynthetic injuries caused by the herbicide were detected by both fluorescence measurement methods. These injuries were also detected with the porometer as a decrease in stomatal conductance and assimilation rate. Information obtained by the induction method was effective for determining the site in the electron transport system which was damaged by the herbicide. The saturation pulse method could analyze the photosynthetic injuries more quantitatively than the induction method. However, the saturation pulse method required an evenly distributed high level of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), which makes it difficult to apply to a large leaf area. In contrast, the induction method did not require such a high level of PAR for measurements, and was easier to use for a large leaf area. Consequently, simultaneous use of the saturation pulse method and the induction method enables detailed diagnosis of injuries of the photosynthetic system.