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Brain mapping study of human communication with a functional magnetic resonance imaging technique : identification of specific brain dysfunction in high-function autistic patients

使用功能磁共振成像技术进行人类交流的脑图研究：识别高功能自闭症患者的特定脑功能障碍

基本信息

批准号：
11470201
负责人：
TAKEI Noriyoshi
金额：
$ 4.35万
依托单位：
Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Autistic disorder, a condition that is characterized by the developmental impairment of language and cognitive function, is understood to be related to deficits in the ability of perceiving emotions and intentions of other persons, which is fundamental to facilitate communication between humans. During the period of financial support from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, we had made attempts to elucidate the brain region (s) which is linked with the pathophysiology of social dysfunctions seen in autistic patients. Paradigms used in the study were tasks of recognition of facial expression of three different emotions (i. e., happy, disgust, and fear). We applied an 'on' and 'off' alternating box car design ; in the 'on' condition, each of three different-emotion tasks was presented and, in 'off' condition, neutral faces presented. We performed scanning for 5 right-handed autistic patients and 9 right-handed healthy controls. Any differences in the brain activity during the tasks between the two groups were tested using non-parametric analysis. On the 'disgust' task, autistic subjects showed significantly lower brain activity in the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, and putamen, on the left side compared with controls. Moreover, hypofunction in the left middle frontal gyrus was revealed in autistic patients on the 'fear' task. However, no different brain activity was detected between the two groups on the 'happy' task. These results suggest that brain regions of the limbic system, particularly on the left side, are associated with the perception of facial expressions and that these areas are related to the biophysiology of the formation of autistic disorder. It is also shown that autistic patients have impairments in the recognition of some, but not all, aspects of facially expressed emotions.

自闭症是一种以语言和认知功能发育障碍为特征的疾病，据了解，它与感知他人情绪和意图的能力缺陷有关，而感知他人情绪和意图是促进人与人之间交流的基础。在教育、科学、体育和文化部的财政支持期间，我们试图阐明与自闭症患者的社会功能障碍病理生理学相关的大脑区域。研究中使用的范式是识别三种不同情绪（即快乐、厌恶和恐惧）的面部表情任务。我们采用了“开”和“关”交替的箱车设计；在“开”条件下，三种不同的情绪任务中的每一种都被呈现出来，在“关”条件下，中性面孔被呈现出来。我们对5名右撇子自闭症患者和9名右撇子健康对照进行了扫描。使用非参数分析测试了两组在任务期间大脑活动的差异。在“厌恶”任务中，与对照组相比，自闭症受试者在左侧脑岛、额下回和壳核的活动明显较低。此外，自闭症患者在“恐惧”任务中发现左额叶中回功能低下。然而，在“快乐”任务中，两组人的大脑活动并没有什么不同。这些结果表明，边缘系统的大脑区域，特别是左侧的大脑区域，与面部表情的感知有关，这些区域与自闭症形成的生物生理学有关。研究还表明，自闭症患者在识别面部表情的某些方面存在缺陷，但不是全部。