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A Comprehensive Study on Intrusion and Cooperation of Genomes

基因组入侵与合作的综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
11490007
负责人：
SHIMA Akihiro
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Endonuclease domain of telomere associated non-LTR retrotransposon, TRAS1 of the silkworm could recognize and cleave the telomeric repeat (TTAGG) n. Yeast PI-SceI was used as a model system to study molecular mechanism of gene homing. Gene organization, replication system and expression of extrachromosomal DNAs from plant mycoplasma mutant lines and its relationship with host specificity and pathogenicity were analyzed, DEVDase activation was correlated with cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, but the UVC-induced apoptosis occurred independent of the caspase-3-like activation in the Medaka cells. The molecular mechanism of emergence of polysemous codon was clarified by analyzing leucine acceptance of mutant tRNAs synthesized in vitro. Crossing of the Medaka of the HNI strain to those of the T5 tester strain revealed that the female germ cells of the HNI strain showed a remarkably higher spontaneous total mutation rates compared to that found for those of the males, however, the spontaneous … More viable mutation rates were lower in females than males, indicating that the spontaneous mutations in female germ cells are associated with larger deletions of the genome. Several STS makers were isolated from the dioecious plant, Silene latifolia, and then single-pollen analysis and isolation of a BAC clone were accomplished. Mechanism of inhibition and acclimation of photosynthetic machinery to environmental stress and its significance were studied from the evolutional point of view. Dynamics and roles of cortical microtubules in higher plant cells were investigated using living cells stably expressing GFP-tubulin proteins. The regulatory genes, Hox, Otx, and the engrailed were cloned from a sea lily, Metacrinus rotundus, for analyzing the expression pattern. A nine-residue peptide inhibiting ecdysteroid biosynthesis in the prothoracic glands was isolated from the larval brains of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Ligand specificity of olfactory receptors was investigated in a functionally-reconstituted system. Differentiation of the intestinal crypt cells to the epithelium was characterized using IEC-6 cells transfected with a homeobox gene, Cdx-2. Proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells are regulated by a tumor suppressor, p53. Novel members of visual pigment genes and their genomic organizations were revealed in New World primates and zebrafish. Less

家蚕端粒相关非LTR反转录转座子TRAS 1的核酸内切酶结构域可识别并切割端粒重复序列（TTAGG）n。以酵母PI-SceI为模型系统，研究基因归巢的分子机制。通过对植物支原体突变株的基因组结构、复制系统、染色体外DNA表达及其与寄主特异性和致病性的关系进行分析，发现在青斑细胞中，DEVDase的激活与环丁烷嘧啶二聚体有关，而UV-C诱导的细胞凋亡与caspase-3样激活无关。通过分析体外合成的突变体tRNA对亮氨酸的接受能力，阐明了多义性密码子出现的分子机制。HNI品系的青鳉与T5试验品系的青鳉杂交显示，与雄性的那些相比，HNI品系的雌性生殖细胞显示出显著更高的自发总突变率，然而， ...更多信息女性的可行突变率低于男性，表明女性生殖细胞中的自发突变与较大的基因组缺失有关。从雌雄异株植物宽叶蝇子草（Silene latifolia）中分离出几个STS标记，然后进行单花粉分析和BAC克隆的分离。从进化的角度探讨了光合机构对环境胁迫的抑制和适应机制及其意义。利用稳定表达GFP-微管蛋白的活细胞研究了高等植物细胞皮层微管的动态和作用。从圆海百合Metacrinus rotundus中克隆了Hox、Otx和engrailed调控基因，用于分析其表达模式。从家蚕幼虫脑中分离到一种抑制前胸腺蜕皮激素生物合成的九肽。嗅觉受体的配体特异性进行了研究，在功能重建系统。肠隐窝细胞的上皮分化的特点是使用IEC-6细胞转染的同源异型盒基因，Cdx-2。神经干细胞的增殖和分化受肿瘤抑制因子p53的调控。在新世界灵长类和斑马鱼中发现了新的视色素基因成员及其基因组结构。少