Conjugate auroral observation during solar maximum

地球磁层中的带电粒子基本上被限制沿着地磁力线移动。因此，由加速朝向地球的电子引起的明亮的夜间极光是地磁线的可见地图。半球间共轭极光提供了一个独特的机会来研究地球磁力线如何以及在哪里连接两个半球。南极的Syowa站和冰岛的站组成了一套理想的天文台，用于研究极光地带的地磁共轭光学极光。自1984年以来，在春分季节，我们利用全天电视摄像机进行了一次共轭极光观测活动。在这项研究中，我们在过去4年中发现了以下有趣的结果：1我们在南极洲的西奥瓦和冰岛的特约恩发现了非常相似的全天电视摄像机观测到的半球间共轭极光。在这次事件期间，包括东西两个…在内的中尺度离散极光更多南北方向的极光形状，在两个观测站显示出非常相似的形状、运动和光度变化。利用这些数据，我们能够以高时空分辨率追踪南北半球极光的时间运动和位移。我们的结果表明，一个台站的地磁共轭点在一个小时内经度移动了约200公里，纬度移动了约50公里。2)我们对南极西奥瓦地面观测到的脉动极光与FAST卫星上观测到的极光进行了直接对比，并与西奥瓦观测站和冰岛观测站的地面观测共轭对进行了比较。将FAST卫星进行的高分辨率测量与地面上同时进行的光学观测相结合，我们能够解决与观测到的脉动极光现象有关的空间和时间模糊问题。利用我们首次提出的脉动极光产生区，3)2003年11月23日在南极观测到了一次日全食。日全食带穿过西奥瓦站南极洲(69.0°.S，39.6度。E)距离车站至少600公里。这次天文事件是一个研究日食如何影响电离层的独特机会，不仅在南半球，而且在共轭的北半球。磁力仪数据显示，日食发生时，两个半球都发生了电离层扰动。有趣的是，冰岛的所有观测站和斯堪的纳维亚半岛的一些观测站在西奥瓦出现最大日食时(约23：00UT)，都在西奥瓦出现了尖峰状的磁脉冲。这表明，南半球局部化的黑暗激活了电离层-磁层耦合。较少

Charged particles in the Earth's magnetosphere are basically constrained to move along geomagnetic field lines. Thus the bright night-time auroras that are caused by electrons accelerated towards Earth are visible mapping of the geomagnetic field lines. Interhemispheric conjugate auroras provide a unique opportunity to examine how and where the geomagnetic field lines connect the two hemispheres. Syowa Station in Antarctica and stations in Iceland form an ideal set of observatories to study geomagnetically conjugate optical auroras in the auroral zone. A campaign of conjugate auroral observations using all-sky TV cameras has been carried out during equinox season since 1984 during the equinox period.In this study during last 4 Years we found following interesting results; 1 we found extremely similar interhemispheric conjugate auroras observed with all-sky TV cameras at Syowa in Antarctica and Tjornes in Iceland. During this event, meso-scale discrete auroras including both east-west a … More nd north-south directed auroral forms, showed quite similar shapes, movements and luminosity variations at both observatories. Using these data we were able to trace the temporal movements and displacement of auroras in the northern and southern hemispheres with a high spatial-temporal resolution. Our results indicate that the geomagnetic conjugate point of one station moved 〜200 km in longitude and 〜50 km in latitude during an hour, 2) we have carried out a direct comparison of pulsating auroras observed from the ground at Syowa in Antarctica and onboard the FAST satellite together with conjugate-pair observations on the ground at the Syowa and Iceland observatories. Combining high resolution measurements made by the FAST satellite with simultaneous conjugate optical observations on the ground we were able to resolve spatial and temporal ambiguities associated with the observed pulsating auroral phenomena. Using the data we have firstly proposed generation region of pulsating auroras, 3) A total eclipse of the Sun was observed in Antarctica on 23 November 2003. The total eclipse zone crossed the Antarcic continent poleward of Syowa Station (69.0 deg. S, 39.6 deg. E) at a minimum distance of 600 km from the station. This astronomical event is a unique opportunity to examine how the solar eclipse affects the ionosphere, not only in the Southern Hemisphere but also in the conjugate Northern Hemisphere. The magnetometer data showed that ion ospheric disturbances occurred in both hemispheres at the time of the solar eclipse. It is interesting to note that spike-like magnetic impulses occurred at Syowa at all stations in Iceland and some observatories in Scandinavia at the time of maximum eclipse at Syowa (〜23:00 UT). This suggests that ionosphere-magnetosphere couplings were activated in both hemispheres by the localized darkness in the Southern Hemisphere. Less