Double conjugate-pair observations in high latitudes

本项目的目标是研究极光现象的共轭（半球间）观测。共轭观测是非常重要的。带电粒子一般沿沿着地磁场线传播。因此，人们相信在共轭站也观测到类似的极光现象。然而，我们以前的观察并没有在所有情况下都显示出这种相似性。这些证据表明，能量从磁层到电离层的传输过程在南北半球是不同的。详细的观测对于研究地球高层大气的能量传输和能量耗散是非常重要的，为了进行这方面的研究，我们采用了以下三种方法：1）利用位于南极和冰岛的Syowa-Iceland共轭对站进行极光带的共轭观测。2)使用中山-斯瓦尔巴共轭对站在尖/帽区进行共轭观测。3)利用Super DARN高频雷达网对南极和北极地区进行了南北半球宽极区观测，其科学成果总结如下：1）出现了非共轭极光分裂，其时间滞后约为1分钟。2)极光的规模大小不同。3)等离子体斑从昼侧杯区经帽区向夜侧极光区移动。4)极光弧的最小厚度小于100 m。5)与极光亚暴增长相有关的开/闭场线区的快速向赤道运动。

The objective of this project is to study on the conjugate (interhemispheric) observation of auroral phenomena. Conjugate observation is very important. Charged particles generally propagate along geomagnetic field line. Therefore, it is believed that similar auroral phenomena are observed in conjugate stations. However, our previous observation did not show such similarity in all cases. These evidences suggest that energy transportation processes from, the magnetosphere to the ionosphere is different in both hemisphere. The detail observation is very important to study the energy transportation and energy dissipation in the earth upper atmosphere.In oeder to carry out this study, our project have following different 3 methods ; 1) Conjugate observation in auroral zone using Syowa-Iceland conjugate-pair stations located in Antarctica and in Iceland. 2) Conjugate observation in cusp/cap regions using Zhongshan-Svalbard conjugate-pair stations. 3) Interhemisphereic observations in wide polar regions over the Antarctic and Arctic using Super DARN HF radar network.Summary of scientific out-put of our project is as follows ; 1) non-conjugate auroral breakup occurred, and the time lag is about 1 minute. 2) scale size of aurora is different. 3) plasma patch moves from dayside cup region to night side auroral zone via cap regions. 4) minimum thickness of auroral arc is less than 100 m. 5) rapid equatorward movement of open/close field line region associated with the growth phase of auroral substorm.