Double conjugate-pair observations in high latitudes

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The objective of this project is to study on the conjugate (interhemispheric) observation of auroral phenomena. Conjugate observation is very important. Charged particles generally propagate along geomagnetic field line. Therefore, it is believed that similar auroral phenomena are observed in conjugate stations. However, our previous observation did not show such similarity in all cases. These evidences suggest that energy transportation processes from, the magnetosphere to the ionosphere is different in both hemisphere. The detail observation is very important to study the energy transportation and energy dissipation in the earth upper atmosphere.In oeder to carry out this study, our project have following different 3 methods ; 1) Conjugate observation in auroral zone using Syowa-Iceland conjugate-pair stations located in Antarctica and in Iceland. 2) Conjugate observation in cusp/cap regions using Zhongshan-Svalbard conjugate-pair stations. 3) Interhemisphereic observations in wide polar regions over the Antarctic and Arctic using Super DARN HF radar network.Summary of scientific out-put of our project is as follows ; 1) non-conjugate auroral breakup occurred, and the time lag is about 1 minute. 2) scale size of aurora is different. 3) plasma patch moves from dayside cup region to night side auroral zone via cap regions. 4) minimum thickness of auroral arc is less than 100 m. 5) rapid equatorward movement of open/close field line region associated with the growth phase of auroral substorm.