Studies of sediment hazards and associated countermeasures in Venezuela

委内瑞拉沉积物危害及相关对策研究

• 批准号: 13574006
• 负责人: EGASHIRA Shinji
• 金额: $ 6.91万
• 依托单位: Ritsumeikan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13574006/
• 关键词: Abnormal meteorological event; Floods; Sediment hazards; Sediment runoff; Debris flow; Countermeasures against sediment hazards; 扇状地災害射策; 扇状地災害対策; 洪水災害; 集中豪雨災害; 土砂災害対策; 降雨特性; 降雨流出; 河川変動

This joint research was conducted to analyze 1999-sediment disaster from a viewpoint sediment dynamics as well as to propose reliable tools for countermeasures against sediment hazards, and four sub-topics were studied. 1. Characteristics of heavy rainfall in Caribbean Sea coastal region of north Venezuela. 2. Simulation of 1999-sediment runoffs and sediment runoff characteristics after the disaster. 3. Historical aspects of sediment disasters and 4. Countermeasures of sediment hazards. The results are summarized as follows.1. Meteorological interactions between temporal and spatial scales associated with the heavy rainfall are analyzed. Based on the results, a method is proposed to distinguish an abnormal rainfall from numerous events.2. 1-D and 2-D mathematical methods for predicting sediment runoff are refined by applying them to 1999-disasters and tested using sediment runoff data which have been collected since the disaster. These are assured to be powerful tools in delineating hazard maps.3. The results obtained from the study on historical aspects of sediment disaster suggest that usual education performances, hazard maps and associated land uses are of importance to reduce sediment hazards in addition to proper structural countermeasures.4. Mathematical tools are proposed to specify the location, type and size of debris control structure.

这项联合研究旨在从泥沙动力学的角度分析1999年的泥沙灾害，并为泥沙灾害的防治提供可靠的工具，并进行了四个分专题的研究。1.委内瑞拉北部加勒比海沿岸地区强降水特征。2.1999-灾后泥沙径流特征模拟。3.泥沙灾害的历史面貌；4.泥沙灾害的防治对策。研究结果总结如下：1.研究成果。分析了与暴雨相关的时间和空间尺度上的气象相互作用。在此基础上，提出了一种从众多事件中区分异常降水的方法。改进了预报泥沙径流的一维和二维数学方法，并将它们应用于1999年的灾害，并用自灾害以来收集的泥沙径流数据进行了检验。这些肯定是描绘危险地图的强大工具。泥沙灾害历史方面的研究结果表明，除了适当的结构对策外，常规的教育表现、危险地图和相关的土地利用对于减少泥沙灾害也是重要的。提出了数学工具来确定碎片控制结构的位置、类型和大小。

项目成果

R.Garcia, J.L.Lopez, M.Noya, M.E.Bello, M.T.Bello, N.Gonzalez, G.Paredes, M.I.Vivas, J.S.O'Brien: "Hazard mapping for debris-flow events in the alluvial fans of northern Venezuela 589-599, 2003."Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Debris-Fl

R.Garcia、J.L.Lopez、M.Noya、M.E.Bello、M.T.Bello、N.Gonzalez、G.Paredes、M.I.Vivas、J.S.OBrien：“委内瑞拉北部冲积扇泥石流事件的危险图绘制 589-

Yoshihiko Shimizu, K.Osada: "Numerical study on constitutive relation of debris flow by using a dem-flow coupling model"Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. Vol.48. 901-906 (2004)

Yoshihiko Shimizu，K.Osada：“利用dem-flow耦合模型对泥石流本构关系进行数值研究”水利工程学年刊。

Shinji Egashira, Hiroji Nakagawa, Takahiro Itoh, Rabindra Osti: "Theoretical tools for analyzing sediment countermeasures"Proceedings of the International Civil Engineering Conference on Sustainable Development in the 21st Century, Nairobi, Kenya, 12・16 A

Shinji Egashira、Hiroji Nakakawa、Takahiro Itoh、Rabindra Osti：“分析沉积物对策的理论工具”21世纪可持续发展国际土木工程会议论文集，肯尼亚内罗毕，12・16 A

鈴木善晴, 宮田昇平, 中北英一, 池淵周一: "メソ気象モデルによる数値シミュレーションに基づいたシミュレーションに基づいた降雨-地形関係の解析"水工学論文集. 第47巻. 73-78 (2003)

Yoshiharu Suzuki、Shohei Miyata、Eiichi Nakakita、Shuichi Ikebuchi：“基于中观气象模型数值模拟的降雨-地形关系分析”水利工程学报，第 47 卷，73-78 (2003)

Takahiro Itoh, Shinji Egashira, Kuniaki Miyamoto: "Influence of physical properties of solid-liquid phase on debris flows"Jour. Hydroscience and Hydraulic Eng.. Vol.19・No.2. 57-69 (2001)

Takahiro Itoh、Shinji Egashira、Kuniaki Miyamoto：“固-液相物理性质对泥石流的影响”水科学与水利工程杂志第 19 卷第 57-69 期（2001 年）