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Study on the changes of the logging structures and the logging technology in the developed countries.

发达国家测井构造及测井技术变迁研究

基本信息

批准号：
13575022
负责人：
MOCHIDA Haruyuki
金额：
$ 8.26万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objectives of this study are as follows. (1) To find out the nature of log production, costs, technology used, structure, overall goal of production, forestry manpower and forestry cooperative system of the countries that have an impact on Japanese forestry. (2) To investigate the system and policy changes that are carried out in response to the changing environmental problems and how these changes affect logging operations. (3) In line with the objectives above, the characteristics of each country have to be known and attempts made to unify the viewpoints of each case so that realistic inter-country comparisons can be made.One of the major factors accounting for the high timber productivity that previously characterized this industry in the American south involved the attitudes of the owners of large-scale woodlands. They had acquired the woodlands for timber production or for speculative purposes, and favored timber harvesting. Furthermore, most of the wood-processing factories eventually became affiliated with the huge forestry companies that had resulted from mergers and integrations, which in turn favored the development of large -scale logging operations. Therefore, the timber market hands of the forest industry. Since logging was also affiliated with those giant companies, productivity improved. However, despite the presence of this oligopolistic market , many small-scale and family enterprises continued to exist, which meant that log production was not completely into the forestry industry.

本研究的目的如下。(1)了解对日本林业产生影响的各国木材生产的性质、成本、使用的技术、结构、生产的总体目标、林业人力和林业合作制度。(2)调查为应对不断变化的环境问题而进行的制度和政策变化，以及这些变化如何影响伐木作业。(3)根据上述目标，必须了解每个国家的特点，并设法统一每个国家的观点，以便能够进行现实的国家间比较。以前美国南部木材工业的特点是木材生产率高，其中一个主要因素与大规模林地所有者的态度有关。他们获得林地用于木材生产或投机目的，并赞成采伐木材。此外，大多数木材加工厂最终都隶属于兼并和整合所产生的大型林业公司，这反过来又有利于大规模伐木业务的发展。因此，木材市场手握森林工业。由于伐木业也隶属于这些大公司，生产力得到了提高。然而，尽管存在这种寡头垄断的市场，许多小规模和家庭企业仍然存在，这意味着木材生产并没有完全纳入林业。