Economic Analysis and Policy of Transportation Development/Efficiency Improvement, Information Technology Introduction, and Energy Efficiency Improvement as Production-Oriented Infrastructure

这项研究分析了交通运输发展/效率提高、信息技术引入和能源效率提高作为生产型基础设施的经济影响。它还对交通经济政策、信息技术经济政策和能源经济政策以及它们之间的相互关系，包括由此产生的环境影响，提供了重要的政策影响。由于现在不可能出现具有巨大影响力的新的风险产业，这种生产型基础设施是经济增长的关键。本研究的经济分析是在一般均衡的背景下进行的。可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型被广泛应用于评估具有结构性影响的经济政策，而CGE模型主要用于评估贸易、金融等宏观经济政策，本研究应用CGE模型对交通、信息、能源等具体政策进行多方面的评估，并应用数据包络分析(DEA)、向量自回归分析(VAR)等方法，而不是沿用传统的社会资本分析方法，即估计总生产函数。这使我们能够使用新类型的数据并得出全面的结论。该研究不仅从宏观角度讨论了这些政策，还从区域经济角度对这些政策进行了讨论，并通过综合经济影响评价确定了哪些生产导向型行业的经济影响广泛而密集。该研究还表明，提高运输效率和引进信息技术的经济影响不仅很大，而且还需要考虑到能源和环境问题的部门间协调。

This study analyzes the economic impacts of transportation development/efficiency improvement, information technology introduction, and energy efficiency improvement as production-oriented infrastructure. It also offers important policy implications to transportation economic policy, information technology economic policy, and energy economic policy, and at the same time their interrelations including consequent environmental impacts. Since new venture industries with large influencing power cannot be expected nowadays such production -oriented infrastructure is a key to economic growth.Economic analysis in this study takes place in a general equilibrium context. Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are widely used to evaluate economic polices with structural impacts on various sector of economy While CGE models have been applied mostly for evaluating macro economic policies such sectors as trade and finance, this study applies the CGE models to evaluate specific policy of transportation, information, and energy for various aspects.The study also applied data envelopment analysis (DEA), vector autoregression analysis (VAR) and others without staying with the conventional analytical approach of social capital of, say, estimating aggregate production functions. This enables us to use new kinds of data and draw comprehensive conclusions. The study also discusses such policies not only from a macro point of view but also from regional economic points of view.The study identifies those production-oriented sectors with wide and intensive economic impacts with comprehensive economic impact assessment. The study also suggests that the economic impacts of transportation efficiency improvement and information technology introduction are not only large but also require inter-sectoral coordination taking into consideration energy and environmental issues.