Basic Development of the Focal Surface Detector for the Highest Energy Cosmic Ray Observation from a Satellite's Orbit

用于卫星轨道最高能宇宙线观测的焦面探测器的基本研制

• 批准号: 14340084
• 负责人: SHIMIZU Hirohiko, m
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: RJKEN(The Institute of Physics and Chemical Research)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14340084/
• 关键词: Cosmic Ray; Highest Energy; Photomultiplier Tube; Astrophysics; 光電子倍増管; 宇宙物理学

Since the discovery of the cosmic rays, its origin is the most important research subject. and has been studied over a long period. But it has still left many mysteries. Especially the existence of particles with the energy of more than 100 EeV, exceeding the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin limit, may affect the framework of the astrophysics. We have been developing the near-ultraviolet refractive optics and 2-dimensional imaging detector, which has a few meter diameter, 60 degrees field of view and high speed imaging capability, to observe the luminescence 'phenomenon caused by highest energy cosmic rays in the earth atmosphere. This detector consists of photomultipliers of several 10 cm around, and is operated by making many photomultipliers as a photon detector covering a large area of several square meters or more.We have developed new type of multianode photomultipliers as the base detector. By adopting the weak-electrostatic-demagnifying method, the average sensitive area reaches up to 85% of its physical dimension. Furthermore, by using a simple matching optics, the sensitive area reaches up to 95% of its physical dimension.In this research, we have developed and checked the multianode photomultipliers with the optimal pixel size for EUSO of 6x6 channels, and checked fulfilling the specification of EUSO. Consequently, this photorfiultiplier adopted as a photodetector of EUSO.

宇宙线自发现以来，其起源一直是最重要的研究课题。经过了很长一段时间的研究。但它仍然留下了许多谜团。特别是能量大于100 eV的粒子的存在，超过了Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin极限，可能会影响天体物理的框架。我们一直在研制直径几米、视场60度、成像速度快的近紫外光折射光学和二维成像探测器，以观测地球大气中最高能量宇宙射线引起的发光现象。该探测器由直径10厘米的几个光电倍增管组成，由多个光电倍增管组成，作为一个面积在几平方米以上的光子探测器。我们研制了新型多阳极光电倍增管作为基座探测器。采用弱静电消磁的方法，其平均敏感区可达其物理尺寸的85%。此外，通过使用简单的匹配光学元件，敏感区可达到其物理尺寸的95%。在本研究中，我们开发并验证了适用于6×6通道的EUSO的最佳像素尺寸的多阳极光电倍增管，并验证了其满足EUSO的技术指标。因此，该光电倍增管被用作EUSO的光电探测器。

项目成果

H.M.Shimizu et al.: "The Focal Surface of EUSO Te lescope"Proceedings of 28^<th> ICRC Tsukuba. 2. 923-926 (2003)

H.M.Shimizu 等人：“EUSO 望远镜的焦点表面”红十字国际委员会筑波第 28 届会议记录。

M.Takeda, etc.: "Study on Wavelength Shifters and Multilayer Half-Mirror for High-QE PMT"Proceedings of 28th ICRC Tsukuba. 2. 857-860 (2003)

M.Takeda等：“高QE PMT的波长移动器和多层半反射镜的研究”第28届红十字国际委员会筑波会议论文集。

N.Sakaki et al.: "Development of Multi-Anode Photomultipliers for the EUSO Focal Surface Detector"Proceedings of 28^<th> ICRC Tsukuba. 2. 931-934 (2003)

N.Sakaki 等人：“EUSO 焦面探测器的多阳极光电倍增管的开发”，红十字国际委员会筑波第 28 届会议记录。

H.M.Shimizu et al.: "EUSO Detector"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Extremely High-Energy Cosmic Ray. 135-144 (2003)

H.M.Shimizu 等人：“EUSO 探测器”国际极高能宇宙射线研讨会论文集。

H.M.Shimizu, etc.: "The Focal Surface of EUSO Telescope"Proceedings of 28th ICRC Tsukuba. 2. 923-926 (2003)

H.M.Shimizu等：《EUSO望远镜的焦面》红十字国际委员会筑波第28届会议记录。