Study on unsteady air force on low-rise buildings and numerical methods for prediction of wind load for wind resistant design

低层建筑非定常空气力研究及抗风设计风荷载预测数值方法

基本信息

批准号：
14350303
负责人：
MARUYAMA Takashi
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350303/
关键词：
low-rise buildings unsteady air force wind resistant design wind load typhoon strong wind damage prediction method numerical simulation 強風被害野外観測風洞実験風速変動風圧変動数値計算

项目摘要

We studied the wind characteristics of surface layer and the numerical methods for the prediction of wind load for wind resistant design of low-rise buildings.For the beginning, the wind characteristics of surface layer was studied using field experimental data. The spatial variations of turbulence statistics around the 2.4m cube were evaluated during rather strong winds and the correlated wind pressures on the wall and the roof was investigated. The results show that the upwind velocity fluctuations of streamwise component at a point with the height H, height of the cube, and the horizontal distance 0.9H from the cube have a rather strong correlation with the pressures on the upwind wall and the upwind portion of the roof.On the other hand, we also conducted field investigations of strong wind damage caused by typhoons and tatsumaki, tornado, struck Japan during the period of this study. The damages caused by some tatsumakis in 2001, by Typhoon 0314 struck on Miyakojima Island Okinawa prefecture in 2004 and by Typhoon 0418 struck on Miyajima Island Hiroshima prefecture in 2004 were studied. The extreme damage, such as completely failed houses, is decreasing but the damage on the roof or claddings is not decreasing. The secondary damage by flying debris, such as piece of broken roof tile or glass or gravels and so on, and the human damage are still large in number.Following above mentioned studies, it was resulted that the proper prediction of approaching wind and of wind characteristics in the urban areas near the ground is important for the wind resistant design of low-rise buildings. We showed some numerical methods using turbulent models introducing the effect of surface roughness, such as k-ε method and LES, for predicting the wind flow in the city areas for strong wind condition. Also the numerical method using PSU/NCAR MM5 was adopted to predict the strong wind caused by typhoon.

我们研究了表面层的风特性和用于预测低层建筑的风荷载设计的数值方法。在开始时，使用现场实验数据研究了表面层的风特性。在相当强的风中评估了240万立方体周围的湍流统计数据的空间变化，并研究了墙壁上的风压和屋顶。结果表明，流向组件在高度h，立方体高度和与立方体的水平距离0.9h的水平距离之间的前风速度波动与上风壁上的压力以及屋顶的向上部分的压力相关。这项研究。 2001年，台风0314在2004年在宫城岛冲绳县袭击的台风0314造成的损害赔偿，2004年在米亚吉玛岛Hiroshima县袭击了台风0418。极端损坏（例如完全失败的房屋）正在减少，但屋顶或覆盖物的损坏并没有减少。飞行碎片造成的次要损坏，例如破碎的屋顶瓷砖，玻璃或图形等，以及人类损害的数量仍然很大。遵循上述研究，结果是，适当的预测接近风能和地面附近城市区域的风能对于低层建筑的风力抗性设计很重要。我们使用湍流模型展示了一些数值方法，这些模型引入了表面粗糙度的效果，例如K-ε方法和LE，以预测城市区域中风流的强风条件。还采用了使用PSU/NCAR MM5的数值方法来预测台风引起的强风。