A Study on Fire Safety for Traditional Wooden Town Houses Area Consistent with Historic Townscape

符合历史街区的传统木屋区消防安全研究

• 批准号: 14350324
• 负责人: HOKUGO Akihiko
• 金额: $ 8.26万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350324/
• 关键词: Townscape; Traditional Wooden Town Houses; Fire Safety; Decision Tree; Fire Spread Simulation; 町並み; 伝建地区; 防災計画; 防耐火性能; 土壁; 京町家; 外壁; 載荷荷重; 伝統的町並; 町家; 防火性能実験; 伝統的技法; 避難安全性評価; 延焼防止性評価

Improvements in the safety performance of city blocks of traditional wooden housed area cannot solely rely on either measures within urban planning or control over individual buildings by the building code. When the safety performance of individual buildings cannot be secured, urban planning measures should cover the insufficiency; when urban planning measures themselves are insufficient, measures for individual buildings should also be considered. In this mutually supplemental fashion, the local characteristics of a city block can be maximized and the measures can work more effectively. This study aims to evaluate the comprehensive safety performance of an entire block, going beyond the safety performance of individual buildings. Though simulation of the spreading of a fire is the primary evaluation system for the safety of a block, it was difficult to analyze the simulated results and work out measures to be taken by running merely a single simulation. Therefore, evaluation of safety performance in this study is based on potential risks. Fire risk can be assessed by block as well as by building in the same method. The safety index by building as obtained here thus reflects not only the performance of the building but also the influence of the block performance, which is obtainable through examination of the positional relationship of buildings in the block and the condition of the surrounding buildings, enabling the building performance at the block level to be indicated. This evaluation method allows the potential risk of the block to be clearly recognized, and the effectiveness of plans for improvement can be well understood through this evaluation with a simulation of the plans in practice.

传统木结构区域的城市街区安全性能的改善不能仅仅依靠城市规划中的措施或建筑规范对单个建筑物的控制。当个别建筑的安全性能无法保证时，城市规划措施应弥补不足；当城市规划措施本身不足时，还应考虑个别建筑物的措施。通过这种相辅相成的方式，可以最大限度地发挥城市街区的地方特色，也可以更有效地发挥措施的作用。本研究旨在评估整个街区的综合安全性能，而不是单个建筑的安全性能。虽然火灾蔓延模拟是小区安全的主要评价体系，但仅进行一次模拟很难对模拟结果进行分析并制定相应的措施。因此，本研究的安全性能评价是基于潜在风险。火灾风险既可以按街区评估，也可以按建筑物评估，方法相同。由此得出的以建筑为单位的安全指标，不仅反映了建筑的性能，也反映了街区性能的影响，通过考察街区内建筑的位置关系和周围建筑的状况，可以得出街区层面的建筑性能。这种评价方法可以清晰地识别区块的潜在风险，通过对实际方案的模拟评价，可以很好地了解改进方案的有效性。

项目成果

北後 明彦: "地域の特徴を生かした防火システム構築の課題と問題点"日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集. 285-288 (2002)

北乡明彦：“利用地区特色构建消防系统的问题和问题”，日本建筑学会会议学术讲座摘要285-288（2002）。

柱圧縮試験による木造土壁の火災加熱時の非損傷性予測と木造土壁外壁の防火設計

柱受压试验预测木土墙火灾加热过程中的无损性能及外木土墙防火设计

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 日本建築学会環境系論文集 No.574
• 作者: 安井昇

Fire Safety System for Historical Districts Covered with Traditional Wooden Town Houses

传统木制联排别墅历史街区的消防安全系统

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Proceedings of Meeting for Planning Research of AIJ Kinki No.44
• 作者: Kazumi;Fukumoto
• 通讯作者: Fukumoto

安井昇, 長谷見雄二, 北後明彦他: "柱圧縮試験による木造土壁の火災加熱時の非損傷性予測と木造土壁外壁の防火設計"日本建築学会環境系論文集. 第574. 1-6 (2003)

Noboru Yasui、Yuji Hasemi、Akihiko Kitago 等人：“利用柱压缩试验和外部木土墙的防火设计来预测火加热过程中木土墙的无损性能”，日本建筑学会会议记录，环境研究，卷 574. 1- 6 (2003)

伝統的町家の防火性能評価法の開発に関する研究

传统联排别墅防火性能评价方法开发研究

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集(計画系) No.43
• 作者: Watanabe;J.;Tanaka;T.;福本一海
• 通讯作者: 福本一海