A Study on Suppression of Urban Fire Spread through Elements of Urban Area

通过城市区域要素抑制城市火灾蔓延的研究

• 批准号: 11650629
• 负责人: HOKUGO Akihiko
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11650629/
• 关键词: shape of flame; fire spread; fire break; earthquake fire; fire resistant building; burn; opening; external wall; 類焼; 重量燃焼速度; 開口面積; 隣棟間隔

To find the effect of suppression of fire spread through elements of urban area, urban fire incidents in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake were analyzed. Graphical data of fires in urban fires in the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake were collected. Shape of flames, heat release rate, velocities of fire spread and duration of fire were summarized and relationship between elements of urban area and weather condition are analyzed. As a result, it is cleared that building structures and condition affects heat release rate and area of simultaneous burning. For example, in case of existence of fire resistant buildings and collapsed buildings, heat release rate and area of simultaneous burning are small, in case of wide streets, area of simultaneous burning extends.As for fire resistant buildings, the factors relating the spread of fires from fire resistant buildings to adjacent buildings during the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake were analyzed from the following perspectives ; (1)Relationship … More between the extent of fire damage and seismic damage to building structure, and between the characteristics, including building use, of the buildings of fire origin and occurrence of fire spread, (2)Relationship between occurrence of fire spread and distances between burnt and adjacent buildings and structure of adjacent buildings, (3)Relationship between the extent of fire damage to buildings and fire fighting of fire brigade.The caused of fire damage to fire resistant buildings and quasi fire resistant buildings in urban fire were also analyzed from the following perspectives ; (1)Relationship between the damage and the type of windows including size, kind of glass, existence of balcony, the distance to burning buildings and those between extent of fire damage of exterior walls of the buildings, (2)Relationship between the extent of fire damage of the building and the characteristics of buildings including building usage, structure and dimensions, (3)Relationship between the extent of fire damage of the building, the number of the face of the wall closes to a fire and the structure of burning building. Less

为了找出城市区域要素对火灾蔓延的抑制作用，本文以阪神-淡路大地震中的城市火灾事件为例进行了分析。收集了阪神-淡路大地震中城市火灾的图形数据。总结了火灾的形状、放热速率、蔓延速度和持续时间，分析了城市区域要素与天气条件的关系。结果表明，建筑结构和条件影响热释放速率和同时燃烧面积。例如，在存在耐火建筑和倒塌建筑的情况下，放热率和同时燃烧面积较小，在街道较宽的情况下，同时燃烧面积扩大。对于防火建筑，从以下几个方面分析阪神-淡路大地震中防火建筑向相邻建筑蔓延的影响因素；(1)火灾损害程度与建筑结构震害程度的关系，以及起火建筑的建筑用途等特征与火势蔓延的关系；(2)火灾蔓延的发生与被烧建筑与相邻建筑的距离、相邻建筑的结构的关系；(3)建筑物火灾损害程度与消防队灭火的关系。从以下几个方面分析了城市火灾中耐火建筑和准耐火建筑的火灾损害原因；(1)损害与窗户类型的关系，包括窗户的大小、玻璃的种类、有无阳台、与燃烧建筑物的距离以及建筑物外墙的火灾损害程度的关系；(2)建筑物的火灾损害程度与建筑物的特征的关系，包括建筑物的用途、结构和尺寸；墙的面数接近火灾和燃烧建筑物的结构。少

项目成果

A study on Relationship between Fire Break and Shape of Flame in the Urban fires after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake.

阪神淡路大地震后城市火灾火灾断口与火焰形状关系研究

• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan Vol.34
• 作者: 村田 明子;村田 明子;Murata Akiko;Murata Akiko;関藤 幹人;横田 英邦;Sekitou Mikihito
• 通讯作者: Sekitou Mikihito

阪神・淡路大震災の市街地火災における火炎形状と延焼遮断効果に関する研究

阪神淡路大地震后城市火灾火焰形状及火蔓延阻滞效果研究

• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: 日本都市計画学会学術研究論文集 34
• 作者: 村田 明子;村田 明子;Murata Akiko;Murata Akiko;関藤 幹人
• 通讯作者: 関藤 幹人

阪神・淡路大震災に於ける耐火造建築物の延焼要因

阪神淡路大地震期间防火建筑火灾蔓延的因素

• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: 日本都市計画学会学術研究論文集 34
• 作者: 村田 明子;村田 明子;Murata Akiko;Murata Akiko;関藤 幹人;横田 英邦
• 通讯作者: 横田 英邦

兵庫県南部地震時後の火災における耐火造・準耐火造建物の類焼要因

兵库县南部地震后导致防火和半防火建筑火灾蔓延的因素

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: 日本建築学会計画系論文集 553
• 作者: 村田 明子;村田 明子
• 通讯作者: 村田 明子

A Study on Fire Spread Factors from Fire Resistant Buildings to Adjacent Buildings in the Urban fires after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake.

阪神淡路大地震后城市火灾中耐火建筑到邻近建筑的火灾蔓延因素研究。

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering Vol.553
• 作者: 村田 明子;村田 明子;Murata Akiko
• 通讯作者: Murata Akiko