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Ecogenetical Studies on geographical variation and gene expression of diapause in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera.

棉铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera 滞育的地理变异和基因表达的生态遗传学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
14360028
负责人：
FUJISAKI Kenji
金额：
$ 5.76万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The pupal diapause of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, was investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows.1.Photoperiodic response of pupal diapause was investigated at lower temperature of 18℃. The diapause was induced under short day length conditions and its tendency was greater in males.2.The diapause induction under seminatural conditions was compared between H.armigera and H.Assulta. In H.armigera, some individuals could overwinter as diapausing pupae, although many individuals died before pupation with advance in the fall season. On the other hand, in H.assulta, pupal diapause was induced even at high temperatures in summer season. These results indicated that the adaptation to temperate climate is inadequate in H.armigera.3.No clear geographical cline in diapause tendency was detected It was supposed that pupal diapause is induced when larvae were exposed to lower temperatureds for a long time in fall season of subtropical region.4.It was estimated that the sensitive stage to day-length in pupal diapause is the 5th instar.5.Only the diapausing pupae are supposed to overwinter in the region where average winter temperatures are higher than 0℃. The trehalose was seemed to be responsible for the cold hardiness.6.It was indicated that nonadditive interactions among multiple loci are influential on the diapause rate. Moreover, it was found that there is a genetic correlation between larval period and diapause.From these results, it was concluded that H.armigera is fully possible to spread its distribution and increase its abundance in Japan with progress in the global warming.

对棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera）的蛹滞育进行了研究。所得结果总结如下：1。研究了低温18℃条件下蛹滞育的光周期响应。在短日照条件下可诱导滞育，且雄性滞育倾向较大。在半自然条件下，比较了棉铃虫和长绒棉铃虫的滞育诱导。在棉铃虫中，一些个体可以作为滞育蛹越冬，尽管许多个体在秋季提前化蛹前死亡。另一方面，在夏季，即使高温也会引起蛹滞育。这些结果表明，棉铃虫对温带气候的适应能力不足。滞育倾向没有明显的地理差异，推测在亚热带地区的秋季，幼虫长期暴露在较低的温度下会导致蛹滞育。估计蛹滞育对日长的敏感期为第5龄。在冬季平均气温高于0℃的地区，只有滞育蛹才能越冬。海藻糖似乎是抗寒性的原因。结果表明，多个基因座之间的非加性相互作用对滞育率有影响。此外，还发现幼虫期与滞育期之间存在遗传相关性。由此得出结论，随着全球变暖进程的推进，棉铃虫完全有可能扩大其在日本的分布并增加其数量。