Development of Environment Friendly Aquafeed

本研究旨在为利用植物蛋白源开发绿色水产饲料提供基础资料。为开发低污染排泄饲料，不需要高密度配制优质动物蛋白源（如鱼粉），以黄尾鱼、真鲷、虹鳟鱼和鲤鱼为试验对象，研究了转基因生物豆粕、玉米蛋白粉和多种鱼粉的有效性和安全性。即测定饲料成分对磷的吸收，以及开发植物蛋白源和鱼粉组合的低排放饲料。并对转基因生物制备的豆粕和玉米蛋白粉的有效性和安全性进行了测定，对蚕蛹粉的有效成分进行了检测。通过饲料脂肪对黄尾鱼蛋白质节约效应的促进作用，降低氮磷排泄量，采用低磷的植物性饲料配方，如豆粕、玉米蛋白粉等，可以在不影响鱼体生长的前提下，降低黄尾鱼蛋白质的排泄量。高脂日粮通过蛋白质节约效应降低了氮的排泄量。来自转基因生物的大豆粉和玉米蛋白粉的可用性与真正的非转基因植物没有区别。

This research was conducted to gather some basic information necessary for the development of environment friendly aquafeed using with plant protein sources. The availability and safety of the soybean meal and corn gluten meal from gene modified organisms and the many variety of fish meal were determined using with aquaculture species, yellowtail, red sea bream, rainbow trout and carp in order to develop the low pollutant excretion feed without high density formulation of good quality animal protein sources, such as fish meal.A series of feeding experiments were conducted to develop eco-diets, namely, determination of the absorption of phosphorus from feed ingredients, and development of the low discharge feed in combination of plant protein sources and fish meal. Also the availability and safety of soybean meal and corn gluten meal made of gene modified organisms were determined, and efficient component of silk worm pupae meal also examined. Promotion of protein sparing effect by dietary lipid in yellowtail was tested to reduce the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus.Formula of plant ingredients which contain lower phosphorus, such as soybean meal and corn gluten meal could produce the diet which reduce the excretion of phosphorus without of reduction of growth of fish. And inclusion of high amount of dietary lipid made success in decent of nitrogen excretion by protein sparing effect. The availability of soybean meal and corn gluten meal derived from gene-modified organisms was not different from that of authentic non-gene modified plants.