Urban Anthropology on the Religious Relieves in the Modern Africa

在第一年的研究中，即2002年4月至2003年3月，我们结合东非和西非宗教浮雕的比较研究，重点研究了西非和中非城市宗教浮雕的方法和技术。特别是在喀麦隆、几内亚和加纳的城市，我们研究了如何缓解人们的困难。在这里，我们试图研究现代城市（科纳克里）和传统城市（库马西和丰班）之间的差异。这一科学成果在以下论文中得以实现：铃木的《阿尔法·布朗迪唱上帝》、阿喀津的《国王的葬礼和寡妇的仪式》和崎的《非洲传统城市中的救济和包容他人的程序的逻辑》（《现代非洲宗教救济的城市人类学》编辑中的所有3篇论文）。（WAZAKI，2006年3月）。同样，安倍分析了《复活》中的复活手段所隐藏的思想， ...更多信息 2003年4月至2004年3月，我们将传统城市的研究重点扩展到现代城市与传统城市的比较研究上。2004年4月至2005年3月，我们将传统城市的研究重点扩展到喀麦隆皇家城市的研究，并将研究重点扩展到日本与非洲皇家城市的比较研究。为此，我们在对喀麦隆丰班等传统城市进行研究的基础上，开始对喀麦隆首都雅温得这一典型的现代资本主义城市中的非洲普通民众的救济方式进行研究。在这里，田口分析了由于资本主义制度造成的困难和极端贫困所需要的作为社会福利的现代救济方式。2005年3月，我们考察了法国殖民社会和英国殖民社会城市浮雕的差异。为此，我们去了东非的城市，其中典型的一个是坦桑尼亚的斯瓦希里城市。特别是，HINO分析了伊斯兰传统城市斯瓦希里城市的浮雕方法。通过对这三年人类学研究成果的综合整理，我们可以看出非洲传统城市中存在着与现代城市相比相对较强的救济手段。少

In the first year of researches, 2002 Apr-2003 March, taking into consideration the comparative studies of the method of religious relieves in the east Africa and the west Africa, we focused our studies on the methods and techniques of the religious relieves in the cities of west and central Africa. Especially, we researched how to relieve peoples' difficulties in the cities of Cameroon, Guinea and Ghana. Here, we tried to examine the differences between in the modern city (Conackry) and the traditional cities (Kumashi and Foumban). This scientific outputs was realized in the Papers such as SUZUKTs "Alfa Brondy sings God ', AKUTSU's King's funeral and widow's ritual' and WAZAKI 's The Logics of relieves and inclusive procedures of others into ourselves in the African traditional cities ' ( all 3 papers in the "Urban Anthropology on the Religious Relieves in the Modern Africa" edit. by WAZAKI, 2006 March ). In the same way, Abe analyzed the thoughts hidden in the reliving means in the r … More oyal city of Japan, by researches on the Cameroon royal cities and by developing his studies into comparison of methodology of relief in Japan and African royal cities.In the second year of co-operative researches, 2003 Apr-2004 March, we developed our energies on the studies of traditional cities into the comparison between the modern cities and traditional ones. For this purpose, continuing our researches on the traditional cities like Foumban in Cameroon, we began to study the way of relieves of African ordinary people in the capital of Cameroon, Yaounde, as the typical modern capitalistic cities. Here, TABUCHI analyzed modern ways of relieves as social welfare required because of difficulties and extreme poverty caused by the capitalism system.In the last year of co-operative researches, 2004 Apr.-2005 March, we examined the differences of relieves in the cities between of French colonized societies and of British colonized ones. For this reason, we went to the east African cities, typical one of which were Swahili cities in Tanzania. Especcially, HINO analyzed the methodology of relieves in the Swahili cities, Islamic traditional cities. By the integrating synthesis of these 3 years anthropological researches and outputs, we have been able to take out the comparatively rather strong relieving devices lied in the traditional cities in Africa in comparison with modern ones. Less