Collaborative observations of atmospheric waves and constituent variations in the MLT region using ground-based observation network in Japan and America with satellite observations.

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The goal of this project is to clarify various spatial and temporal scales of variations, especially variations of atmospheric waves and associated constituent variations, in the mesosphere lower thermosphere (MLT) region by ground-based using radio and optical observation in the Japan, USA and Brazil as well as satellite observations.From coordinated observations at Shigaraki MU radar site, relations between atmospheric gravity waves and variations of airglow emission profiles have been revealed. A new OH all-sky imager has been developed and coordinated observations with a sodium lidar and two imagers have been carried out (CO2 imager campaign) in Colorado, USA. Relations between ripple structures in the airglow image and atmospheric stability have been clarified.Associations between troposheric disturbance and gravity waves in the MLT region have been found by observations and ray-tracing using airglow imaging observations in Japan, USA and Brazil. Effect of atmospheric tides are also discussed.Non-migrating tides has been studied using radar, satellite observations and a GCM model, and zonal variability of airglow image characteristics has been suggested. Three-dimensional simulation has clarified breaking gravity waves and ripple structures in the airglow.As mentioned above, the results of this project is not limited to the simple output of coordinated observations and spread over a wider research region, which would further stimulate future collaboration between Japan, USA and Brazil in the upper atmosphere region.