An International Cooperative Research on the Competitiveness of Livestock Products and the Direction of Structural Adjustment in China's Livestock Industry under the WTO Regime

本课题旨在了解90年代以来中国畜牧业的生产、消费和贸易的变化，以及中国加入WTO对畜牧业的影响。运用分解分析法，对影响中国畜牧业竞争力变化的因素进行了分析。为了了解畜牧业对市场环境变化的反应，本研究小组访问了北京市、山东省青岛市、辽宁省大连市和重庆市的10家畜牧业企业和市场，最终报告由10篇论文组成，主要结果如下。（1）我国肉类产业在大多数肉制品，特别是肉制品加工品和肉制品加工品上具有明显的比较价格或成本优势。利用较低的运输成本，有可能继续向邻国出口畜产品或重新出口。 关于我们 gions。（2）90年代中期以来肉类产品净出口减少的主要原因是中国及其周边国家或地区发生了高致病性禽流感等突发事件。自2001年以来，中国牛肉、羊肉、羔羊肉和食用内脏的进口大幅增加，猪肉、肉制品和肉制品的出口大幅增加。因此，中国加入WTO对畜牧业的影响尚不能确定。（3）调查地区的畜牧企业在采取多产品生产体系、纵向一体化生产、扩大经营规模等方面表现出积极的经营意愿，在扩大畜产品出口方面表现出积极的经营意愿。小型家庭农场的肉类产量下降。同时也肯定了在实现国际质量或生态标签认证方面所做的努力。(4)畜牧业的迅速发展导致饲料大豆进口增加。因此，需要进一步研究畜牧业发展对粮食需求的影响。少

This project is planned to perceive the changes in production, consumption, and trade of China's livestock industry since the 1990s, and to examine the effect of the accession of China to WTO on the livestock industry. A decomposition analysis is used to identify the factors influencing the changes in the competitiveness of China's livestock industry. To apprehend the response of livestock industry to the changes in market environment, this research team interviewed 10 livestock firms and markets in Peking, Qingdao city of Shandong province, Dalian city of Liaonin province, and Chongqing City.The main results compiled in the final report are comprised of 10 papers, which can be summarized as follows. (1)China' meat industry, has significantly comparative price or cost advantage in most kinds of meat products, especially the processed products and meat preparations. Using the lower transport cost, it is possible to continue to export livestock products to the neighboring countries or re … More gions. (2)Reduction in net export of meat products since the middle of 1990s is mainly caused by the occurrence of unforeseen accidents such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza, in China and its neighboring countries or regions. China has greatly increased its import in bovine meat, mutton and lamb, as well as edible offals, and export in meat of swine, processed meat products and meat preparations since 2001. Therefore, the effect of the accession of China to WTO on livestock trade is still uncertainable. (3)The livestock firms interviewed under the survey areas show vigorous willingness both in improving management by adopting multi-product production system, vertical integration of production processes, and expansion of business scale, and in expanding export of livestock products. Meat production from small family farms has decreased. The efforts in achieving the international quality or eco-label certification are also confirmed. (4) The rapid expansion of the livestock sector has resulted in increase in feed soybean import. Therefore, further research is needed to examine the effect of development in the livestock sector on grain demand. Less