Development of an ultra-stable laser system using a cryogenic optical cavity for optical lattice clocks

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The main objective of this research was to realize an ultra-stable laser system to be used as a local oscillator for optical lattice clock, which is one of the most promising candidates for the next generation time-frequency standard. Thermal noise of a reference cavity is the main culprit for limiting the stability of a laser locked to the cavity. Therefore, we planned to build a cryogenic cavity made of mono-crystalline silicon cooled down to 3.5K.As a result of our research, we were able to successfully operate the silicon cavity at 3.5K. An in-loop measurement of the fractional frequency fluctuation is about 10 to the -18th at 1 second.