Characterization of Constituents of Soluble Microbial Products in Wastewatar Treatment Processes

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A biofilter that installs in the inside of composting reactor was investigated for controlling odorous substances, such as ammonia and amine compounds. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria and sulfur oxidizing bacteria grew in the biofilter was enumerated by applying new tools of molecular biotechnology. In model composting reactor experiment, the biofiter achieved to 0.9 mg-N/cm^3/d in ammonia oxidation activities, while ammonia oxidizer and nitrite oxidizer contained 10^9 cells/mL-biofilter, respectively. 16S rDNA cloning analysis revealed that dominant ammonia oxidizer in the biofilter was Nitrosomonas oligotropha. However the biofilter installed in composting reactor fed with garbages from a dining room had low ammonia oxidation activities. At that time Nitrifiers kept their cell number less than 10^7 cells/mL. High temperature in biofilter inhibited the growth of odorous compound degrading bacteria. PCR-DGGE methods suggested thai Halothiobacillus and Thiomonas play a key role in the oxidation of sulfur compounds released from the composts.