Characterization of Constituents of Soluble Microbial Products in Wastewatar Treatment Processes

废水处理过程中可溶性微生物产物成分的表征

• 批准号: 11558078
• 负责人: ARAKI Nobuo
• 金额: $ 2.75万
• 依托单位: Nagaoka National College of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11558078/
• 关键词: Biofilter; Odor control; Composting; Odorous compounds; Ammonia oxidizing bacteria

A biofilter that installs in the inside of composting reactor was investigated for controlling odorous substances, such as ammonia and amine compounds. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria and sulfur oxidizing bacteria grew in the biofilter was enumerated by applying new tools of molecular biotechnology. In model composting reactor experiment, the biofiter achieved to 0.9 mg-N/cm^3/d in ammonia oxidation activities, while ammonia oxidizer and nitrite oxidizer contained 10^9 cells/mL-biofilter, respectively. 16S rDNA cloning analysis revealed that dominant ammonia oxidizer in the biofilter was Nitrosomonas oligotropha. However the biofilter installed in composting reactor fed with garbages from a dining room had low ammonia oxidation activities. At that time Nitrifiers kept their cell number less than 10^7 cells/mL. High temperature in biofilter inhibited the growth of odorous compound degrading bacteria. PCR-DGGE methods suggested thai Halothiobacillus and Thiomonas play a key role in the oxidation of sulfur compounds released from the composts.

研究了在堆肥反应器内设置生物过滤器对氨和胺类化合物等恶臭物质的控制效果。应用分子生物学的新工具，对生物滤池中生长的氨氧化菌和硫氧化菌进行了计数。在模型堆肥反应器试验中，生物滤池的氨氧化活性达到0.9 mg-N/cm^3/d，氨氧化器和亚硝酸盐氧化器的细胞数分别为10^9个/mL生物滤池。16 SrDNA克隆分析表明，该生物滤池中的优势氨氧化菌为寡养亚硝化单胞菌（Nitrosomonasoligotropha）。而以食堂垃圾为原料的堆肥反应器中安装的生物过滤器的氨氧化活性较低。此时，硝化菌的细胞数保持在10^7个细胞/mL以下。生物滤塔内温度过高会抑制恶臭化合物降解菌的生长。PCR-DGGE分析结果表明，硫盐杆菌和硫单胞菌对堆肥中硫化物的氧化起着关键作用。