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Development of Intractable Glaucoma Implant Device Using Excimer Laser

准分子激光难治性青光眼植入装置的研制

基本信息

批准号：
11694316
负责人：
MURAHARA Masataka
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The increased intraocular pressure with aqueous outflow failure causes glaucoma. In healthy human intraocular pressure is maintained at a normal physiological level, between 8 to 18mmHg. When pressure exceeds 21 mmHg, a diagnostic of glaucoma may be predicted.A new implant designed to pump the aqueous humor and regulate its outflow was created. We investigated several porous PTFE paying special attention to air permeation characteristics. We later reported that porous PTFE films with a 10 μm inner pore diameter could be penetrated by BSS (Balanced Salt Solution) at pressure of 20 mmHg Unfortunately, a PTFE material tends to become fragile with increased pore diameter. In order to circumvent this problem, a material with smaller pore diameters that are easily penetrated by water at low pressure must be developed. We reported elsewhere upon a method of photochemical substitution of hydrophilic or lipophilic groups on fluorocarbon surfaces. The pore inner surface of porous PTFE was made hydrophilic using these techniques that were then applied to liquid separation filters. With this knowledge we were able to develop a device that regulate/control the flow rate of the aqueous humor at a low-pressure differential. BSS cannot penetrate PTFE 3 μm pores even at 300mmHg pressure, but using 193nm photon radiation (1000 shots at 15 mJ/cm^2) transformed the material allowing flow at pressure of 20 mmHg. It was also shown that BSS transmission flow rate was proportional to OH radical substitution density. Experimental results confirmed the processing method as aqueous flow began at 20 mmHg and animal studies showed treated samples to be biocompatible, therefore indicating the potential for this material to be used in intraocular pressure control implants.

眼内压升高伴房水流出衰竭引起青光眼。健康人的眼内压维持在正常的生理水平，在8至18 mmHg之间。当眼压超过21毫米汞柱时，可预测青光眼的诊断。一种新的植入物被设计用来泵送房水并调节其流出。我们研究了几种多孔PTFE，特别注意空气渗透特性。我们后来报道了具有10 μm内孔径的多孔PTFE膜可以在20 mmHg的压力下被BSS（平衡盐溶液）渗透。不幸的是，PTFE材料倾向于随着孔径的增加而变得易碎。为了解决这个问题，必须开发一种在低压下容易被水渗透的具有较小孔径的材料。我们曾在其他地方报道过一种光化学取代氟碳化合物表面亲水性或亲脂性基团的方法。使用这些技术使多孔PTFE的孔内表面亲水，然后将其应用于液体分离过滤器。有了这些知识，我们能够开发一种在低压差下调节/控制房水流速的装置。即使在300 mmHg的压力下，BSS也不能穿透PTFE 3 μm的孔，但使用193 nm的光子辐射（15 mJ/cm^2下的1000次照射）可以改变材料，使其在20 mmHg的压力下流动。BSS传输流量与OH自由基取代密度成正比。实验结果证实了处理方法，因为房水流开始于20 mmHg，动物研究表明处理后的样品具有生物相容性，因此表明该材料有可能用于眼内压控制植入物。