Face Recognition Function of Autistic Persons by Using Event Related Brain Potentials Related to Human Face

利用与人脸相关的事件相关脑电位对自闭症患者进行人脸识别功能

• 批准号: 12410036
• 负责人: IMASHIOYA Hayao
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: Hyogo University of Teacher Educatin
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12410036/
• 关键词: Event-related potentials; Face-related potentials; Face recognition model; Face recognition; Autistic persons; 事象関連電位; 発達; 自閉症児・者

The objective of this study investigate a time-series analysis of human-face recognition processes in autistic persons from the viewpoint of psychophysiology. In this study we measured face-specific event-related potentials (face-related potentials), which have been studied extensively in recent years.In 2000, we investigate a fundamental study on healthy persons in order to explore the optimal conditions for measuring potentials in autistic persons. Using the conditions arrived at through the fundamental study, we measured face-related potentials from children (4 years old) to adults. It was found that (1) the N170, which is a face-related potential, is seen in 4 year-old children, and that its latent period shortens and its amplitude increases with age, and (2) the N270, which is related to the recognition of known faces, is immature in pre-school children. In 2001 and 2002, we measured face-related potentials in autistic persons and analyzed the results on the basis of the previously obtained results mentioned above. It was found that, although the N170 did increase in autistic persons, they tended not to be able to clearly distinguish human faces from non-face stimuli. In addition, analysis of the amplitudes of T5 and T6 suggested that specialization of the visual cortices in the left and right hemispheres of the brain in autistic persons might not have progressed sufficiently. Analysis of the N270 suggested that autistic persons have some types of processing difficulties during the activation processes of the face recognition unit. On the basis of these results, we gave preliminary consideration to methods for overcoming the difficulties of interpersonal communication in autistic persons.

本研究的目的是从心理生理学的角度对自闭症患者的人脸识别过程进行时间序列分析。在这项研究中，我们测量了近年来被广泛研究的面孔特异性事件相关电位(Face-Related Potential)。2000年，我们调查了一项针对健康人的基础研究，以探索自闭症患者测量电位的最佳条件。利用基础研究得出的条件，我们测量了从儿童(4岁)到成人的面部相关电位。结果发现：(1)面孔相关电位N170存在于4岁儿童，其潜伏期随年龄增长而缩短，波幅随年龄增长而增大；(2)与面孔识别有关的N270在学龄前儿童中尚不成熟。在2001年和2002年，我们测量了自闭症患者的面部相关电位，并在此基础上对结果进行了分析。研究发现，尽管自闭症患者的N170确实增加了，但他们往往不能清楚地区分人脸和非人脸刺激。此外，对T5和T6的幅度分析表明，自闭症患者大脑左右半球视觉皮质的特化可能没有充分进展。对N270的分析表明，自闭症患者在面部识别单元的激活过程中存在某些类型的处理困难。在此基础上，我们对克服自闭症患者人际沟通困难的方法进行了初步探讨。

项目成果

Hayao Imashioya: "What's in a Face? The case of autistic persons -An investigation with the face related potentials-"Hyogo University of Teacher Education Journal. 22. 47-52 (2002)

今潮谷早雄：“脸上有什么？自闭症患者的案例-与脸部相关的潜力的调查-”兵库师范大学学报。

今塩屋隼男: "障害児をどう理解するか 障害児教育"今塩屋隼男・井谷義則 ミネルヴァ書房. 247 (2001)

Hayao Imashioya：“如何理解残疾儿童？残疾儿童的教育”Hayao Imashioya，Yoshinori Itani Minerva Shobo 247 (2001)。

Tunetaka Okita: "Event related potentials during memory search and selective attention to face, objects and Kanji characters"Social Information. 11. 1-13 (2002)

Tunetaka Okita：“记忆搜索和选择性注意面部、物体和汉字字符期间的事件相关电位”社交信息。

Shinzo Isawa: "Acquisition of mands through a behavior Chain interruption strategy : Interaction among three Students with Autism"The Japanese Journal of Special Education. 33. 33-42 (2001)

Shinzo Isawa：“通过行为链中断策略获取命令：三名自闭症学生之间的互动”《日本特殊教育杂志》。

沖田庸嵩: "作動記憶探索時の事象関連電位:注意制御成分と記憶探索成分の分離の試み"第16回日本生理心理学会学術大会 (生理心理学と精神生理学). 19・3. 200 (2001)

冲田义隆：“工作记忆搜索过程中的事件相关电位：尝试分离注意力控制成分和记忆搜索成分”日本生理心理学会第16届学术会议（生理心理学和心理生理学）19・3.200（2001）。