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Decline of academic competence of Japanese students : The actual conditions and the improvement methods

日本学生学业能力下降的现状与改进方法

基本信息

批准号：
12410071
负责人：
ICHIKAWA Shin-ichi
金额：
$ 8.64万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the actual conditions of academic competence of Japanese students and to develop practically the improvement methods.For the first purpose we made two investigations in Kansai (Osaka and the neighboring cities) and Kanto (Tokyo and the neighboring cities). To make comparisons of the results, the methods were based on the investigation that was previously made by other researchers. The sample of Kansai research, the size of which was about two thousand, was consisted of two graders and eight graders. On the other hand, about six thousand students from one graders to six graders were investigated in Kanto research. The test scores showed that the core academic competence declined evidently and that the variance of the competence increased. In general, the variance was correlated with conditions in home environments of the students, but some schools overcame these problems.For the second purpose we reviewed critically the recent reports and debates on academic competence, and make discussion on school education and the improvement methods. Especially we focused on the learning support in outside of classes. For example we founded counseling rooms for learning in some schools and made practical research through the cases in order to develop self-regulated learning. In addition we held the seminars for junior high school students, which were helpful for planning lessons and evaluations to develop students' learning skills.

本研究的目的是调查日本学生的学术能力的实际情况，并制定切实可行的改善方法。第一个目的是在关西（大坂和邻近城市）和关东（东京和邻近城市）进行了两次调查。为了对结果进行比较，这些方法是基于其他研究人员以前所做的调查。关西研究的样本约为2000人，由两个年级和八个年级的学生组成。另一方面，在关东研究中，调查了从一年级到六年级的约六千名学生。结果表明，学生的核心学业能力显著下降，核心学业能力的方差增大。总体而言，这种差异与学生的家庭环境有关，但有些学校克服了这些问题。第二，我们批判性地回顾了近年来关于学业能力的报道和争论，并对学校教育和改善方法进行了讨论。特别是我们关注了课外的学习支持。例如，我们在一些学校建立了学习辅导室，并通过案例进行了实践研究，以发展自主学习。此外，我们还为初中生举办了研讨会，这有助于规划课程和评估，以培养学生的学习技能。