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Theory of Humanitarian Intervention -Its normative turn and contemporary meaning

人道主义干预理论——其规范转向及其当代意义

基本信息

批准号：
12420009
负责人：
SERITA Kentaro
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research project explores the much-discussed notion of humanitarian intervention. Although the notion consists of a wide variety of aspects, political, sociological, cultural, etc., we have limited our perspective to a strictly legal one.Sakai analyses the notion of "humanitarian intervention by/through the United Nations and points out that this highly ambiguous notion may serve, unconsciously, as a formalistic and facile justification of use of force.Nakamura examines the relationship between regional organizations and the United Nations. In the light of recent practice in which the Security Council hardly maintains its effective control on military operations exercised under its authority, he emphasizes the Security Council's primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.Hamamoto inquires about State practice concerning humanitarian intervention without authorization by the Security Council and concludes that States rarely deny the legality of humanitarian intervention categorically but almost always question about the sincerity of "humanitarian" intention of intervening States.Shibata, through his historical and doctrinal investigation, reveals Tabata Shigejiro's decisive role on "outlawing" intervention. He also suggests the possibility of a revival of Taoka Ryoichi's theory, which tends to "legalize" interventions in the face of the lack of an enforcement mechanism in the international community.Nakai summarized the process of the development of international human rights law and its influence in the Japanese legal order.Serita scrutinized international rules and systems of humanitarian assistance in the case of natural disaster, particularly through a detailed account of State practice concerning the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Great Earthquake.

这个研究项目探讨了备受讨论的人道主义干预的概念。虽然这一概念包括政治、社会、文化等广泛的方面，我们将我们的视角限制在严格的法律的视角。酒井分析了“由/通过联合国进行的人道主义干预”的概念，并指出，这一高度模糊的概念可能会在不知不觉中成为使用武力的形式主义和简单的理由。中村考察了区域组织与联合国之间的关系。鉴于安全理事会最近的做法是几乎无法对在其授权下进行的军事行动保持有效控制，他强调理事会对维护国际和平与安全负有首要责任，并询问了各国在未经理事会授权的情况下进行人道主义干预的实践，得出的结论是，各国很少断然否认人道主义干预的合法性柴田通过对历史和学说的考察，揭示了田端茂次郎在“禁止”干涉问题上的决定性作用。他还提出了复兴桃冈良一理论的可能性，该理论倾向于在国际社会缺乏执行机制的情况下将干预“合法化”。中井总结了国际人权法的发展过程及其对日本法律的秩序的影响。Serita仔细研究了自然灾害情况下的人道主义援助的国际规则和制度，并对日本的人权状况进行了分析。特别是通过详细介绍有关1995年坂神淡路大地震的国家实践。