Typology and Optimal Methods of Privatization in Developing Countries

本研究的目的是透过民营化项目的具体情况分析，对民营化的对象与方法进行分类，进而提出最佳的民营化方法。具体而言，本文的两个主要预期目标是：一是对私有化项目进行系统分类和分析的最佳类型学方法;二是在发展中国家和转型期国家的具体情况下，对每一个对象最适合的私有化项目的实际政策和方法。本研究的主要成果有四个：（1）建立了民营化政策和项目研究的整体理论框架：（2）对民营化分类研究的回顾;（3）了解私有化政策和项目在有关国家市场经济体制和工业化发展的具体阶段的具体表现（拉丁美洲中等收入国家：阿根廷;亚洲发展中国家：菲律宾和泰国;低收入转型期国家：蒙古！欧洲转型期国家：波兰;非洲低收入国家：赞比亚和肯尼亚）！(4)在上述基础上，对私有化政策和项目的最佳方法进行研究。此外，新的其他研究结果包括：私有化与全球化之间的关系;私有化项目对较小穷国的宏观经济影响;私有化政策与新的援助办法，特别是发展伙伴关系之间的互补和复杂关系。这些问题尚待深入和详细分析。

The purposes of this research are classifying objects and methodologies of privatization and thereby proposing optimal methodologies, through analysis of concrete situation of privatization projects. Particularly, the followings are the two main expected goals : the way of typology of privatization projects which is best for us to make a systemic classification and analysis ; practical policies and methodologies of privatization projects most appropriate for each object under specific situation of both developing countries and countries in transition. The major four achievements of the research project are as follows : (l) A holistic theoretical framework of exploration on privatization policies and projects ; (2) A critical review of preceding studies on classification of privatization ; (3) Understandings of concrete performance of privatization policies and projects with regard to specific stage of development of market economy system and industrialization of countries in question (a middle income country in Latin America : Argentina ; developing countries in Asia : the Philippines and Thailand ; a low-income country in transition : Mongolia! a European country in transition : Poland ; low income countries in Africa : Zambia and Kenya)! (4) Findings on optimal methodologies of privatization policies and projects based upon the above. Moreover, new additional findings include : relation between privatization and globalization ; macroeconomic impacts of a privatization projects in smaller poor countries ; complementary and complex relation between privatization policies and new aid approaches, especially development partnership. These issues are yet to be analyzed in depth and detail.