Development and verification of a local wind prediction model for efficient use of wind energy

开发和验证本地风力预测模型以有效利用风能

• 批准号: 12450181
• 负责人: FUJINO Yozo
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12450181/
• 关键词: wind prediction; complex terrain; wind energy; modified RCM; boundary treatment; wind tunnel test; separation; prediction error; 高速解法; 数値解析; 非線形モデル; 境界処理; 減速; 風洞; 乱流モデル; 風速測定

Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change will take effect, and Japan is demanded to considerably reduce the emission of carbon dioxide. Thus the use of wind energy will be important. For the efficient use of wind energy in Japan, wind prediction with high accuracy over steep and complex terrain is necessary.In the present study, a new local wind prediction model has been developed, which is based on the fundamental equations of fluid dynamics and can accurately predict separated flow field over complex terrain. In order to calculate wind flow over continuous real terrain, a new method for treatment of side boundary was proposed to assure the mass conservation at any cross section. It was found that the overestimation or underestimation of wind speed arising from the conventional method is improved and predicted wind speed by the present method shows good agreement with the wind speed obtained from calculation on whole domain. At an inlet boundary, a domain of same size as the computational domain was added to account for the effect of upwind terrain. For the engineering practice, a modified residual cutting method (Modified RCM) was proposed, which enables the equation to be solved quickly and stably and is as fast more than 20 times as conventional iterative methods. Finally, a large wind tunnel test with the real terrain model was carried out and characteristics of flow field over complex terrain were investigated by the model. It was noticed that the speed-up and speed-down due to convergence of terrain and flow separation was favorably demonstrated and prediction error of the present model was about ten percent. As a result, the present model can be used for the practical wind energy prediction and contributes largely to the wind energy exploitation in Japan.

《联合国气候变化框架公约》《京都议定书》即将生效，要求日本大幅减少二氧化碳排放。因此，风能的利用将非常重要。为了有效地利用日本的风能，需要在陡峭和复杂地形上进行高精度的风场预报，本研究开发了一种新的局地风场预报模式，该模式基于流体动力学基本方程，能够准确地预报复杂地形上的分离流场。为了计算连续真实的地形上的风场，提出了一种新的侧边界处理方法，以保证任意截面上的质量守恒。结果表明，该方法改善了传统方法对风速的高估或低估，在整个区域上的风速预测值与实际计算值吻合较好。在进口边界处，增加了一个与计算区域大小相同的区域，以考虑逆风地形的影响。针对工程实际，提出了一种改进的残差切割法（Modified RCM），该方法能够快速、稳定地求解方程，求解速度是传统迭代法的20倍以上。最后，利用所建立的真实的地形模型进行了大型风洞试验，研究了复杂地形的流场特性。结果表明，该模型较好地反映了地形收敛和气流分离引起的加速和减速现象，预测误差在10%左右。结果表明，该模型可用于实际风能预测，对日本风能开发具有重要意义。

项目成果

T.Ishihara, Y.Fujino, K.Hibi: "A wind tunnel study of separated flow over a two-dimensional ridge and a circular hill"J. of Wind Engineering. No.89. 573-576 (2001)

T.Ishihara，Y.Fujino，K.Hibi：“二维山脊和圆形山上分离流的风洞研究”J。

T. Ishihara, Y. Fujino, K. Hibi: "A wind tunnel study of separated flow over a two-dimensional ridge and a circular hill"J. of Wind Engineering. No.89. 573-576 (2001)

T. Ishihara，Y. Fujino，K. Hibi：“二维山脊和圆形山上分离流的风洞研究”J。

T.Ishihara, K.Hibi: "Numerical study of turbulent wake flow behind a three-dimensional steep hill"Wind and Structures. Vol.5. 317-328 (2002)

T.Ishihara、K.Hibi：“三维陡山后面湍流尾流的数值研究”风与结构。

石原孟,日比一喜: "2次元山における風の増速に関する数値解析"第16回風工学シンポジウム論文集. 37-40 (2000)

石原猛，日比一树：“二维山地风速增加的数值分析”第16届风工程学会论文集37-40（2000）。

石原孟, 山口敦, 藤野陽三: "複雑地形における風況の測定と予測"第23回風力エネルギー利用シンポジウム論文集. 188-191 (2001)

石原猛、山口淳、藤野阳三：“复杂地形风况的测量与预测”第23届风能利用研讨会论文集188-191（2001）。