Geotechnical issues on waste disposal and waste landfill design

废物处理和废物填埋场设计的岩土工程问题

• 批准号: 12450192
• 负责人: KAMON Masashi
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12450192/
• 关键词: waste landfill; clay liner; geosynthetic clay liner; landfill cover; impermeability of land fill liner; coastal disposal site; sea wall for the waste containment; 護岸構造

Performance-based structural design for waste disposal site from the geotechnical viewpoint is essential for the effective mitigation of ground and groundwater contamination due to the leachate leakage. This study examines the applicabilities of clay and waste materials to the land fill cover and bottom liner system in aspects of environmental risk reduction. The main results obtained in this study can be summarized as follows :(1) The applicability of waste sludges to land fill cover layer was evaluated through a series of laboratory experiments such as hydraulic conductivity tests and water retention tests. Based on these experimental results, the effectiveness of land fill cover was discussed from the viewpoint of water balance.(2) The installation of land fill cover could promote the anaerobic condition in waste layer because the infiltration amount is significantly reduced. Leaching behavior of inorganic contaminants under anaerobic condition was examined through the laboratory batch and column leaching tests. It can be concluded that the leaching of heavy metal is reduced under the condition of low ORP even in acidic condition. Hence, the leaching of heavy metal from waste can be minimized by the installation of land fill cover system.(3) The chemical compatibilities of geosynthetic clay liners and bentonite permeated with inorganic solutions are evaluated to discuss their applicabilities as land fill bottom liner materials. The influence of inorganic solutions on their hydraulic conductivities and swelling behaviors are investigated considering the prehydration effect and the concentrations of cations in inorganic solutions.(4) The methods for evaluating the performance of landfill liners (geomembrane, clay liner, steel sheet pile) are proposed with the focus on the effectiveness of the double liner system. An appropriate liner structure of the inland and offshore land fill sites is proposed based on the parametric studies using the proposed methods.

从岩土工程的角度对垃圾处置场进行基于性能的结构设计，是有效缓解渗滤液渗漏对地面和地下水污染的关键。本研究探讨黏土及废弃物于填土覆层及底衬系统中降低环境风险之适用性。主要研究结果如下：（1）通过室内导水率和持水性试验，评价了垃圾污泥作为填埋场覆盖层的适用性。在此基础上，从水量平衡的角度探讨了填埋覆盖的有效性。(2)填埋场覆盖物的设置可显著减少垃圾层的入渗量，促进垃圾层的厌氧条件。通过室内间歇和柱浸试验，研究了无机污染物在厌氧条件下的淋溶行为。由此可见，即使在酸性条件下，低氧化还原电位条件下重金属的浸出也会减少。因此，安装堆填区覆盖系统，可尽量减少重金属从废物中渗出。(3)通过评价土工合成材料粘土衬垫和膨润土在无机溶液渗透下的化学相容性，探讨其作为填埋场底衬材料的适用性。考虑到预水化效应和无机溶液中阳离子浓度的影响，研究了无机溶液对其渗透系数和溶胀行为的影响。(4)提出了垃圾填埋场衬垫（土工膜、粘土衬垫、钢板桩）性能的评价方法，重点研究了双层衬垫系统的效果。根据所提出的方法进行的参数研究，提出了一个合适的内陆和海上垃圾填埋场的衬垫结构。