Fabrication and properties of C_60-involved mesoporous felloelectric ceramics

采用<60>C_2<60>饱和甲苯溶液和由金属醇盐和醋酸铅制备的PZT溶胶，将C_2作为填料引入到PZT陶瓷中，以降低烧成温度，获得钙钛矿相。在制备C-<60>溶解PZT溶胶的过程中，发现在混合物中形成了细小的C-针状晶体<60>。透射电镜观察表明，针状晶体为直径小于1 μm的单晶晶须。这些晶须被命名为“C_<60>nanowishcirds”。此外，发现C_2<60>纳米晶须是通过C_2饱和甲苯和异丙醇形成液-液界面而产生<60>的，即，“液-液界面沉淀法”。碳纳米<60>晶须具有很好的柔韧性，可以弯曲，弯曲曲率半径小于30 μm。随着<60>d的减小，C晶须的电阻率降低 关于我们 同时，<60>碘溶解的异丙醇溶液与甲苯形成界面也可得到掺碘晶须。碘掺杂的C_<60>晶须的I-V曲线呈非线性，而纯C_<60>晶须的I-V曲线呈线性。利用原子力显微镜针尖可以在碳纳米晶须表面制备出宽度为纳米级的沟槽<60>。采用<70>液-液界面沉淀法成功地制备了C_2纳米晶须。纳米<70>晶须具有很好的结晶性和较低的位错密度<60>。富勒烯（C_<60>和C_<70>）纳米晶须均由富勒烯分子沿其密排方向平行排列而成，采用三嵌段共聚物P123成功制备了具有介孔结构的二氧化钛薄膜。该工艺有望应用于具有有序介孔结构的PZT陶瓷。少

An experiment was performed to incorporate C_<60> as a filler into leas zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics by using a C_<60>-saturated toluene solution and a PZT sol prepared from metal alkoxides and lead acetate in order to lower the firing temperature to obtain perovskite phases. During the preparation of C_<60>-dissolved PZT sol, fine needle-like crystals of C_<60> were found to be formed in the mixture. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the needle-like crystals were single crystalline whiskers with a diameter less than 1 μm. These whiskers were named "C_<60> nanowhiskers". Further, the C_<60> nanowhiskers were found to be produced by forming a liquid-liquid interface of C_<60>-saturated toluene and isopropyl alcohol, I.e., "liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation method". The C_<60> nanowhiskers are very flexible and could be bent with a curvature radius less than 30 μm. The electrical resistivity of the C_<60> whiskers was found to decrease with decreasing d … More iameter, lodine-doped whiskers of C_<60> can be obtained by forming an interface between iodine-dissolved isopropyl alcohol solution and toluene as well. The iodine-doped C_<60> whiskers exhibited non-linear I-V curves, while the pure C_<60> whiskers showed linear I-V curves. Grooves with a width of nanometers could be prepared on the surface of a C_<60> nanowhisker by use of a AFM tip. Nanowhiskers of C_<70> have been successfully fabricated by the liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation method, too. The C_<70> nanowhiskers exhibit a very good crystallinity and a dislocation density much lower than the C_<60> nanowhiskers. The fullerence (C_<60> and C_<70>) nanowhiskers are composed of fullerene molecules that are aligned in parallel with the closed-packed direction of the fullerene molecules without exception.Titania thin films with a mesoporous structure have been successfully fabricated by using triblock copolymer P123. This process is expected to be applied to PZT ceramics with ordered mesoporous structure as well. Less