Steady State Muss Balance Model for Effects of Acid Deposition on Ecosystems and Establishment of Abatement Target for Acid Deposition

酸沉积对生态系统影响的稳态泥浆平衡模型及酸沉积减排目标的建立

• 批准号: 12460031
• 负责人: OKAZAKI Masanori
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12460031/
• 关键词: acid deposition; salfate; ammonium; nitrate; chloride; sea salt; pyrodastic material; mass balance model; 流域

Effects of acid deposition on ecosystemAcid deposition in Hachioji amounted to 1.1〜2.5 kmol_c ha^<-1> yr^<-1> for S and 2.3〜3.8 kmol_c ha^<-1> yr^<-1> for N, which was partly affected by Mt Oyama, Miyake Island, but mostly influenced by human activities. On the other hand S and N deposition in Towada was 0.8 and 0.7 kmol_c ha^<-1> yr^<-1>, respectively. Acid deposition in Towada was characterized by large amount of load of N derived from animal husbandry and Cl derived from sea salt.Acid consumption by pyroclastic material on weathering amounted to 27 to 28 mmol kg^<-1> in the case of 1.0 x 10^<-3> mol L^<-1> hydrochloric acid solution. It has an important role in consuming acid in soils.Mass balance modelForest decline accompanied with soihacidification in southern Kanto District was deduced by mass balance model, which had the advantage to screen the areas dominantly affected by acid deposition. According to mass balance model we can propose the abatement target for acid deposition based on the deposition load and the sensitivity of forest ecosystem : reducing until 50 to 60 % of acid deposition level in1997.

酸沉降对生态系统的影响八王子的酸沉降量为S 1.1〜2.5 kmol_c ha^<-1>yr^<-1>，N 2.3〜3.8 kmol_c ha^<-1>yr^<-1>，部分受三宅岛小山山的影响，但主要受人类活动的影响。另一方面，十和田的S和N沉降量分别为0.8和0.7 kmol_c ha^<-1>yr^<-1>。十和田地区的酸沉降特征是畜牧业产生的大量N和海盐产生的大量Cl。在1.0 × 10^ mol L^盐酸溶液的情况下，火山碎屑物质风化的酸消耗量为27 ~ 28 mmol kg^<-1><-3><-1>。物质平衡模型（Mass Balance Model）是利用物质平衡模型对关东南部地区森林衰退与土壤酸化进行模拟的结果，有利于筛选出受酸沉降影响的主要地区。根据质量平衡模型，根据酸沉降负荷和森林生态系统的敏感性，提出了酸沉降的削减目标：减少到1997年酸沉降水平的50%~ 60%。