Study on the flood weakness of cities and the flood emergency management system

城市防洪薄弱环节及防洪应急管理体系研究

• 批准号: 12480112
• 负责人: INOUE Kazuya
• 金额: $ 5.06万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12480112/
• 关键词: urban flood; inundation flow analysis; river basin model; network model; inundation model by unstructured meshes; inundation in underground; sediment disasters; flood emergency management

The mechanism of inundation occurrence by heavy rainfall is studied for the Neya river basin in Osaka Prefecture. The studied river basin is divided into four parts ; (1) mountainous area (2) river network (3) sewerage network and (4) drainage basin. In (1), runoff discharge is calculated by the kinematic wave model.In (2), the method of characteristics is applied to one-dimensional unsteady flow analysis. In (3), the analysis based on the continuity equation, considering the upper limit of drainage is conducted. In (4), twodimensional inundation flow model by the unstructured meshes is applied. The validity of simulation results is confirmed by the comparison with the recent inundation records. Through the simulation analysis, the dangerous zone of inundation and the effect of flood control facilities are discussed.With regard to the inundation in underground space, a mathematical model based on storage pond is developed. In this model, underground mall and subway are treated by the c … More ombination of multiple storage ponds, and the water volume exchange between adjacent ponds is simply treated by overflow formula or discharge formula. This model is applied to Umeda underground mall and adjacent subways in Osaka. The results show that this model can be applicable to the real compound underground space. Also, by the simulation analysis, the effect of ground level and inundation water depth on water intrusion into underground space is discussed, and the inundation water spread in underground space is examined.As for the emergency management and countermeasures against urban flood, the heavy urban flood in Fukuoka and that in Nagoya (in Toukai district) are taken and the characteristics of these urban floods are summarized. Through the studies, it is pointed out that many of cities in Japan tend to suffer flood disasters by overflow from the river or the sea or by heavy rainfall under the natural and social severe conditions of their own, and that their flood weakness becomes more conspicuous as urbanization proceeds. While, the significance of non-structural countermeasures is discussed and emphasized such as warning system and information transmission, evacuation plan and educational activity. Less

以大坂府内屋内亚河流域为例，研究了暴雨洪水发生的机理。研究的流域分为四个部分：（1）山区，（2）河流网络，（3）污水网络和（4）流域。文中（1）采用运动波模型计算径流量，（2）采用特征线法进行一维非恒定流分析。在（3）中，进行了基于连续性方程的分析，考虑了排水上限。（4）采用非结构网格的二维淹没水流模型。通过与近期洪水记录的比较，验证了模拟结果的正确性。通过模拟分析，探讨了淹没危险区的划分和防洪设施的作用，针对地下空间的淹没问题，建立了基于蓄水池的数学模型。在该模型中，地下商场和地铁由c ...更多信息 多个蓄水池组合，相邻蓄水池之间的水量交换用溢流公式或流量公式简单处理。该模型适用于大坂梅田地下商场和邻近的地铁。结果表明，该模型可适用于真实的复合地下空间。通过模拟分析，探讨了地面水位和淹没水深对地下空间水入侵的影响，考察了淹没水在地下空间的蔓延情况。在城市洪水的应急管理与对策方面，以福冈市和名古屋（东海区）的城市大洪水为例，总结了这些城市洪水的特点。通过研究指出，日本许多城市在自身严峻的自然和社会条件下，容易遭受河流、海洋溢流或暴雨等洪水灾害，而且随着城市化进程的推进，城市的洪水脆弱性更加突出。同时，强调了非结构性对策的重要性，如预警系统和信息传输、疏散计划和教育活动。少

项目成果

Toda, K., Inoue, K., Murase, S., Ichikawa, U. and Yokoo H.: "Inundation Analysis due to Heavy Rainfall in Urban Area (in Japanese)"Journal of Hydraulic, Coastal and Environmental Engineering, JSCE. No.663/II-53. 1-10 (2000)

Toda, K.、Inoue, K.、Murase, S.、Ichikawa, U. 和 Yokoo H.：“城市地区强降雨引起的洪水分析（日语）”JSCE 水利海岸与环境工程学报。

Inoue, K.: "Flood in Underground Space, ---Lesson from Fukuoka Flood--- (in Japanese)"Proc. of Research Forum on Fluvial and Maritime Disaster Prevention for the 21st Century, Research Forum No.12S-2, DPRI, Kyoto Univ.. 5-10 (2001)

Inoue, K.：“地下空间的洪水，——福冈洪水的教训——（日语）”Proc。

戸田圭一, 井上和也, 村瀬賢, 市川温, 横尾英男: "豪雨による都市域の洪水氾濫解析"土木学会論文集. No.663、II-53. 1-10 (2000)

Keiichi Toda、Kazuya Inoue、Ken Murase、Atsushi Ichikawa、Hideo Yokoo：“大雨造成的城市地区洪水分析”日本土木工程师学会会议记录第 663 期，II-53（2000 年）。

Toda, K., Inoue, K., Kuriyama, K. and Maeda, O.: "Inundation Flow Analysis in Urban Areas Considering Streets and Underground Space Effects"Proc. of 29th IAHR Congress, Theme C.. 416-423 (2001)

Toda, K.、Inoue, K.、Kuriyama, K. 和 Maeda, O.：“考虑街道和地下空间影响的城市地区洪水流分析”Proc。

川池健司,井上和也,戸田圭一,中井勉: "流出土砂が急傾斜都市氾濫解析に及ぼす影響"水工学論文集,土木学会水理委員会. 45. 883-888 (2001)

Kenji Kawaike、Kazuya Inoue、Keiichi Toda、Tsutomu Nakai：“径流土壤对陡坡城市洪水分析的影响”《水利工程汇刊》，日本土木工程师学会水利委员会 45. 883-888 (2001)。