Research and Development of Collaboration Functions for Humanities Research - Utilization of Humanities Resources in NIJL -

该项目的目的是建立一个统一的数据库系统，不仅可以从我所的数据库中检索信息，也可以从其他研究所的数据库中检索信息。在项目期间开展了以下研究：1.数字图书馆/档案馆：“数字图书馆/档案馆”是为项目积累和提供必要数据的保管所。“数字图书馆/档案馆”包括文本、图像、电影和全文等多媒体数据库，每个数据库都有适合每种媒体的特定数据结构和检索程序。对国立日本文学研究所的文字史料进行数字化处理，构建数据检索系统。标准化：项目的“标准化”并不意味着“老式的标准化”，即强迫数据库引入相同的记录结构。由于每个数据库都有自己的研究背景和目的，不可能对数据库…的各个方面进行管理更多的是由单一的记录结构，这种交配会破坏一个发展的进步。我们标准化的目标一直是元数据和检索协议的标准化。元数据是描述其内容的数据。该项目在现有数据库和用户之间建立了一个元数据库。用户不会访问每个现有的数据库，而是首先访问元数据库。由于元数据库具有现有数据库的共同数据元素，因此用户可以将每个数据库视为一个数据库。本项目开发了两种元数据模型，即一般元数据模型和区域特定元数据模型。通用元数据模型是吸收现有数据库数据结构差异，将这些数据库表示为一个数据库的框架。项目中引入了都柏林核心元数据。引入特定于区域的元数据模型作为将数据库的数据元素映射到一般元数据库的适当数据元素的“指南”。该项目使用EAD(编码档案定义)用于历史数据库，TEI(文本编码倡议)用于文字全文数据库，LC MARC用于目录数据库。对于标准化的信息检索协议，本项目使用Z39.50。该项目统一了国立日本文学研究所的大部分数据库(目录数据库、图像数据库、电影数据库和全文数据库)。根据结果，我们开始扩展系统，并与研究所外部的数据库连接。较少

The purpose of the project is to construct the unified-database-system that can retrieve information not only from databases in our institute but also from other institutes. Following studies has been carried out during the project period :1. Digital Library/Archive : The"Digital Library/Archives" is the depository that accumulates and delivers necessary data to the project. The "Digital Library/Archives" comprises multimedia data bases such for texts, images, movies, and full-texts, and each database has specific data structure and retrieval procedure that are adapted to each media. We digitized literal and historical materials of the National Institute of Japanese Literature, and constructed data retrieval system.2. Standardized morels : "Standardization" of the project does not mean "old-fashioned standardization" that forces databases to introduce the same record structure. As each database has own research background and purpose, it is impossible to manage all aspects of databases … More by the single record structure, and this kind of copulation would spoil a progress of development. The aim of our standardization has been the standardization of metadata and retrieval protocol. Metadata is data that describes its contents. This project puts a metadatabase between existent databases and uses. Users do not access each existent database but access the metadatabase first. As the metadatabase has mutual data elements for existent databases, users can see every database as one database. This project developed two kinds of metadata model, i.e., general metadata model and region specific metadata models. The general metadata model is the framework that absorbs differences of data structure of existent databases and shows these databases as one database. Dublin Core Metadata is introduced in the project. The region specific metadata models are introduced as a "guideline" to map data elements of a database to the appropriate data elements of the general meta database. This project uses EAD (Encoded Archival Definition) for historical databases, TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) for literal full text databases, LC MARC for catalogue databases. As for the standardized information retrieval protocol, this project uses Z39.50.The project has unified most of the databases of the National Institute of Japanese Literature (catalogue databases, image database, movie databases, and full text databases). Based on the result, we begin expanding the systems and linking with databases outside from the institute. Less