Studies on Preparation of Ethanol Permselective Membranes with High Performance and Development of Apparatus for Membrane Permeation

高性能乙醇选择性渗透膜的制备及膜渗透装置的研制

• 批准号: 12555269
• 负责人: URAGAMI Tadashi
• 金额: $ 5.44万
• 依托单位: Kansai University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12555269/
• 关键词: Dimethylsiloxanemacromonomer; Methylmethacrylate; Graft block copolymer membrane; Pervaporation; Evapomeation; Water permselective; Ethanol permselectivity; Porous Membrane; ポリジメチルシロキサン; 温度差制御気化浸透法; 膜周辺温度; ポリ[1-(トリメチルシリル)-1-プロピン]; 膜厚; 膜性能; ジ

Graft copolymers (PMMA-g-PDMS) from dimethylsiloxane macromonomer (DMS) and methylmethacrylate (MMA) and block copolymer (PMMA-b-PDMS) from PDMS macroinitiator and MMA were synthesized as polymer membrane materials for ethanol permselective membrane of aqueous ethanol solutions. Permeation and separation characteristics for an aqueous solution of 10wt% ethanol of PMMA-g-PDMS and PDMA-b-PDMS membranes from these copolymers were significantly dependent on the DMS content in copolymer. The membranes from small amount of DMS were water permselective, but those from large amount of DMS showed ethanol permselective. The difference in these permselectivities could be attributed to morphology of microphase separated structure of the membrane. Continuous PDMS phase in PMMA-b-PDMS membranes was lamellar, and their ethanol permselectivity was higher than that of PMMA-g-PDMS membranes.On the other hand, to prepare ethanol permselective membrane with high permeation rate, porous polymer membranes were prepared from PDMS emulsion using the freeze-dry method. When PDMS porous membranes were applied to the permeation and separation for aqueous ethanol solutions in temperature difference controlling evapomeation, these membranes were ethanol permselective and had high permeation rate. The temperature difference between the feed solution and membrane surrounding, and the pressure difference between the upstream side and the down stream side of the membrane significantly influenced both the ethanol permselectivity and permeation rate.

合成了二甲基硅氧烷大分子单体(DMS)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的接枝共聚物(PMMA-g-PDMS)和PDMS大分子引发剂与MMA的嵌段共聚物(PMMA-b-PDMS)，作为乙醇水溶液渗透选择性膜的聚合物膜材料。PMMA-g-PDMS和PDMA-b-PDMS膜在10wt%乙醇水溶液中的渗透和分离特性明显依赖于共聚物中DMS的含量。由少量DMS制备的膜对水具有渗透选择性，而由大量DMS制备的膜对乙醇具有选择性。这些渗透率的差异可以归因于膜的微相分离结构的形态。PMMA-b-PDMS膜中的PDMS连续相呈层状，其乙醇选择性高于PMMA-g-PDMS膜。另一方面，为了制备具有高渗透速率的乙醇选择性膜，以PDMS乳液为原料，采用冷冻干燥法制备了多孔聚合物膜。将聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)多孔膜用于控制蒸发量的温差渗透分离乙醇水溶液，具有较高的渗透速率和乙醇选择性。料液与膜周围的温差以及膜的上下游压力差对乙醇的选择性和渗透速率都有显著影响。

项目成果

T. Uragami: "Polymer Membranes for permselective Removal of Environmental Hormones in water"Ind. Mater.. 48・10. 94-102 (2000)

T. Uragami：“用于选择性渗透去除水中环境激素的聚合物膜” Ind. Mater.. 48・102 (2000)。

T. Uragami, K. Okazaki, H. Matsugi, T. Miyata: "Structure and Permeation Characteristics of An Aqueous Ethanol Solution of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes composed of Poly(vinyl alcohols) and Tetraethoxysilane"Macromolecules. 35. 9156-9163 (2002)

T. Uragami、K. Okazaki、H. Matsugi、T. Miyata：“由聚（乙烯醇）和四乙氧基硅烷组成的有机-无机杂化膜的乙醇水溶液的结构和渗透特性”。

T.Uragami: "Permeation and Separation under High Temperature and High Pressure for Ethanol/Water Vapors through Cross-linked Quaternized Chitosan Composite Membranes"Desalination. 147. 449-454 (2002)

T.Uragami：“通过交联季铵化壳聚糖复合膜在高温高压下渗透和分离乙醇/水蒸气”脱盐。

T.Uragami, T.Miyata: "Effects of the Addition of Calixarene to Microphase Separated Membranes for the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Dilute Aqueous Solution"Macromolecules. 34. 6806-6811 (2001)

T.Uragami、T.Miyata：“在微相分离膜中添加杯芳烃对去除稀水溶液中挥发性有机化合物的影响”大分子。

T.Uragami, T.Miyata: "Effect of the Addition of Calixarene to Microphase Separated Membranes for the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Dilute Aqueous Solution"Macromolecules. 34. 6806-6811 (2001)

T.Uragami、T.Miyata：“在微相分离膜中添加杯芳烃对于从稀水溶液中去除挥发性有机化合物的效果”大分子。