FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES ON DESIGN OF SEPARATION MEMBRANES FOR ORGANIC LIQUID MIXTURES AND IMPROVEMENT OF MEMBRANE SEPARATION

有机液体混合物分离膜设计及膜分离性能改进的基础研究

• 批准号: 63550672
• 负责人: URAGAMI Tadashi
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: KANSAI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63550672/
• 关键词: ORGANIC LIQUID MIXTURE; HYDROPHILIC POLYMER MEMBRANE; HYDROPHOBIC POLYMER MEMBRANE; AQUEOUS ALCOHOL SOLUTION; PERVAPORATION; EVAPOMEATION; CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE; MECHANISM OF PERMEATION AND SEPARATION; アルコ-ル水溶液の分離; 選択性; キトサン; アルギン酸

Purpose of preparing polymer membranes with high permeability and high selectivity for organic liquid mixtures, preparation conditions of the membrane for the permeation and separation of aqueous alcohol solutions in pervaporation was investigated in detail using various polymer materials.Hydrophilic polymer membranes such as poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan membrane predominantly permeated water from aqueous alcohol solutions. Also, hvdrophobic polymer membranes such as poly(vinyl chloride) and polystyrene membrane selectively permeated water. In order to reveal these phenomena, composition of liquid adsorbed in the membrane was analyzed. The former membranes adsorbed water and the latter one alcohol. From these results it was found that good performance for the permeation and separation could not be obtained only increase of solubility of the permeating species into the membrane and it was very important to increase diffusivity of the permeating species in the membrane.Relationship b … More etween the structural change of membrane with heat treatment and crosslink reaction and the separation characteristic was studied from the viewpoint of molecular level. It was found that slight change of the membrane structure significantly influenced the permeation and separation characteristics.In this study, we proposed a new membrane separation technique, which was named an evapomeation method, the permeation and separation characteristics for aqueous alcohol solutions through some polymer membranes by the evapomeation were compared with those by pervaporation. In general, the separation in evapomeation was superior to that in pervaporation, but the permeability in pervaporation was better than that in evapomeation.In evapomeation, it was possible to control temperature difference between the membrane neighborhood and the feed solution. When this evapomeation method with control of the temperature difference was applied to the separation of aqueous alcohol solutions through poly(dimethylsiloxane) membrane and aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide through chitosan membrane, the former merfibrane permeated alcohols and the latter one permeated water with high selectivity.Mechanisms for organic aqueous solutions through these membranes are discussed from the viewpoints of physicochemical nature of the membrane and the permeating species. Less

为了制备对有机混合液具有高渗透性和高选择性的高分子膜，采用不同的高分子材料，对渗透汽化分离醇类水溶液的膜的制备条件进行了详细的研究，亲水性高分子膜如聚乙烯醇膜和壳聚糖膜主要用于醇类水溶液的渗透分离。此外，疏水性聚合物膜如聚（氯乙烯）和聚苯乙烯膜选择性地渗透水。为了揭示这些现象，分析了在膜中吸附的液体的组成。前者吸附水，后者吸附醇。从这些结果可以看出，仅仅增加渗透物种在膜中的溶解度并不能获得良好的渗透和分离性能，增加渗透物种在膜中的扩散率是非常重要的B ...更多信息 从分子水平研究了热处理和交联反应对膜结构的影响及其与分离性能的关系。结果表明，膜结构的微小变化对渗透分离特性有显著影响，本文提出了一种新的膜分离技术--总的来说，反渗透的分离效果比渗透蒸发的好上级，但渗透蒸发的渗透性比反渗透好，反渗透时可以控制膜邻区与料液之间的温差。将这种控制温差的分离方法应用于聚乙烯醇水溶液的分离，（二甲基硅氧烷）膜和二甲基亚砜水溶液通过壳聚糖膜，从膜的物理化学性质和渗透性能的角度讨论了有机水溶液通过这两种膜的机理。渗透物种少

项目成果

T.Uragsami,K.Takigawa: "Permeation and Separation characteristics of Ethanol-Water Mibures through chitosan Derirative membranes by Perrcporation and Evapomeation" Polymer. 31. (1990)

T.Uragsami，K.Takikawa：“乙醇-水混合物通过渗透和蒸发的壳聚糖衍生膜的渗透和分离特性”聚合物。

T.Uragami,M.Saito,K.Takigawa: "Comparison of Revmeation and Separation Charcteristies for Aqueous Alcoholic Solutions by Pervaporation and New Evapomeation Methds through Chitosan membranes" makromel.Chem.Rapid Commun. 9. 361-365 (1988)

T.Uragami、M.Saito、K.Takikawa：“渗透蒸发对酒精水溶液的净化和分离特性的比较以及通过壳聚糖膜的新蒸发方法”makromel.Chem.Rapid Commun。

T.Uragami,T.Morikawa: "Permeation and Separation Choructerstics for Aqueous Alcoholic Solutions by Evapomeation and pervaporation through Polystyrane Membranes" Makromol.Chem.190. 399-404 (1989)

T.Uragami、T.Morikawa：“通过聚苯乙烯膜蒸发和渗透蒸发实现酒精水溶液的渗透和分离”Makromol.Chem.190。

Ed.by M.MIsono,Y.Moro-oka and S.Kimura: "Futare Oppotanities in Catalytic and soparation Techmology" Elserier, 381 (1990)

M.MIsono、Y.Moro-oka 和 S.Kimura 编着：“催化和分离技术中的 Futare Oppotanities”Elserier，381 (1990)

T.Uragami,T.Morikawa,H.Okumo: "characteristics of Permeation and separation of Squedus Alcohol Solutions Throuhg Hydrophobic Polymer Membranes" Polymor. 30. 1117-1122 (1989)

T.Uragami，T.Morikawa，H.Okumo：“通过疏水性聚合物膜渗透和分离 Squedus 醇溶液的特性”Polymor。