Study on the Wealthy Leaders (dogo) and the Villages during the Period of Transition from the Medieval to the Early Modern Period

为了更好地理解中世纪到近代早期过渡时期的日本社会，本研究采用整体的方法来分析乡村中的富有领袖（渡高）。富有的领袖（dogo）可以被看作是各省和村庄的政治、经济和军事代表。这项研究特别侧重于他们与村庄关系的基本要素。这项研究的对象生活在关东地区的村庄里，在那里可以找到许多这样的家庭。具体来说，是骏河省内浦地区石滨村的植松家族；水户村的大川家族和长滨村的大川家族，都在伊豆省的西浦地区；武藏省荒川村的望田家族，以及小辅省三巴川村的饭冢家族。首先，本研究试图利用田野调查数据重构土地耕作和乡村生活的实际情况，以及富裕领导人土地所有权的性质。其次，从南北战争时期到近代早期，将村长流传下来的文字作为中世纪和近代史进行分析。其目的是了解家庭管理的真实情况，并了解这些家庭如何在村庄内运作和存在。该报告由以下部分组成：对整个问题的审查，对特别相关的历史材料的分析，实地调查报告，照片清单和尚未转载的历史材料的收集。

This study takes a holistic approach to the analysis of the wealthy leaders (dogo) in the villages in order to better understand Japanese society during the period of transition from the medieval to the early modern period. Wealthy leaders (dogo) can be seen as the political, economic, and military representatives of the provinces and the villages. This research focuses particularly on the basic elements of their relationship with the village.The subjects of this study lived in villages in the Kanto Region where many of those families were to be found. Specifically, the Uematsu family in the village of Shishihama in the Uchiura region of Suruga Province ; the Okawa family in Mito village, and the Okawa families in Nagahama Village, both in the Nishiura region of Izu Province; the Mochida families in Arakawa Village in Musashi Province, and the Iizuka family in Sanbagawa Village in Kozuke Province.Firstly, using fieldwork data this study attempts to reconstruct the actual circumstances surrounding land cultivation and village life, and also the nature of land ownership by wealthy leaders. Secondly, it analyzes as both medieval and early modern history those writings passed down by village leaders from the age of civil war until the early modern era. The aim is to understand the true circumstances of family administration, and to gain an understanding of how these families operated and existed within the villages.The report consists of the following parts: an examination of the issue as a whole, the analysis of particularly relevant historical materials, the fieldwork report, a list of photographs, and a collection of as yet un-reprinted historical materials.