A study of superconducting levitated energy storage system without mechanical contacts

近年来，有效节能变得非常重要。因此，余热发电节能技术显得尤为重要。飞轮储能系统是有价值的节能技术之一。该系统结构简单，与其他储能系统相比具有节能效果好的特点。此外，具有很强钉扎力的高温超导体也适用于这种应用。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种微型飞轮储能系统。将H-无穷控制方法应用于飞轮储能系统。对储能系统的动力学进行了讨论，研制了微型飞轮储能系统样机。该系统由一个带飞轮盘的转子和一对HMBS组成。转子长270毫米，直径24毫米，带有一个飞轮盘(直径100毫米)。带有飞轮的转子质量为1.2 kg，由两个永磁体之间的排斥力支撑。在我们的系统中，两家SMB比两家AMB更具优势。这意味着AMB协助中小企业。为了抑制转子在共振转速附近的振动，对两轴磁悬浮轴承进行了H_∞控制。除共振转速附近外，SMBS对转子振动的抑制作用主要集中在共振转速附近。SMB的超导体是场冷却的。此外，将一种无偏差的非线性控制方法应用于磁悬浮轴承。也就是说，在转子控制中，两个沿轴线相对的电磁铁不会同时受到驱动电流的激励。此外，还研究了一个无控制飞轮系统。该系统几乎等同于上述系统。并对超导轴承的轴承刚度和阻尼的改进技术进行了研究。研究发现，不加控制的飞轮系统具有较好的储能效果。

Recently, saving energy effectively has become very important. Thus, energy-saving technology for surplus power is very important. A flywheel energy storage system is one of the valuable energy-saving technologies. The system is very simple and characterized by high energy saving compared with other energy storage systems. Also, high temperature superconductors with strong pinning force are useful for this application.In this research, we propose a miniature flywheel energy storage system. HMBs with H-infinity control method are applied to the flywheel energy storage system. The dynamics of the energy storage system is discussed.We have developed a prototype miniature flywheel energy storage system. The system consists of a rotor with a flywheel disk and a pair of HMBs. The rotor measures 270 mm in length and 24 mm in diameter with a flywheel disk (100 mm in diameter). The rotor mass with the flywheel is 1.2 kg, which is supported by the repulsive force between two permanent magnets (PMs). In our system, the two SMBs are more dominant than the two AMBs. This means that the AMBs assist the SMBs. In order to suppress the rotor vibration near the resonance rotation speed, H-infinity control is applied to the two-axis AMBs. Except near the resonance rotation speed, the SMBs mainly suppress the rotor vibration. The superconductors of the SMBs were field-cooled. Moreover, a nonlinear control method without bias corrents is applied to the AMBs. That is, in the rotor control, the two electromagnets facing each other along each axis aren't excited by the driving currents at the same time.Furthermore, a flywheel system without control is studied. The system is almost equal to the system mentioned above. Also, improvement techniques for the bearing stiffness and damping of the superconducting bearings are studied. From this study, it is found that the flywheel system without control is useful for energy storage.