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Investigation and modeling of deformation structures on ground surface caused by fault rupturing

断层破裂引起的地表变形结构研究与建模

基本信息

批准号：
13450191
负责人：
TANI Kazuo
金额：
$ 5.25万
依托单位：
Yokohama National University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13450191/
关键词：
Fault rupture Earthquake Fault displacement Incompetent surface layer 末固結被覆層(表層地盤)

项目摘要

In general, earthquake resistance design methods typically thke into account the structural failures by earthquake vibration and ground movements by liquefaction. However, serious fault rupture hazards on engineering structures were seen in Cokaeri earthquake, Turkey, and Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan, in 1999. Thus, this study focuses on mitigation technology for fault rupture hazards.In 2001, a novel idea of mitigation measures was proposed that utilized the cushion effect of incompetent surface layer above active faults. Various forms of ground improvement methods were devised. This invention was patented claiming as a new ground improvement method, Application No.2001-316161.In 2002, a series of physical model tests and numerical analyses were conducted. The results demonstrated that the improved ground comprised of an absorption layer and a rigid beam layer showed remarkable performance. Furthermore, flexural rigidity of the rigid beam layer and locations of anchors were proved to be some of the important design parameters.In 2003, appropriate locations of anchors were investigated for dip-slip faults by the model tests. Design calculation method was also devised assuming the rigid beam layer as elastic beam resting on Whinkler's springs. Then, some trial calculations simulating the experimental results proved that this design model was adequate in predicting the behaviors of the improved ground. Finally, and attempt was made to calculate the prototype behavior assuming a railway truck crossing strike-slip fault. The computed results demonstrated that the proposed ground improvement method was effective in reducing the structural damages on the railway facilities significantly.

一般来说，抗震设计方法通常考虑地震振动引起的结构破坏和液化引起的地面运动。然而，1999年土耳其科卡里地震和台湾集集地震等事件却给工程结构带来了严重的断层破裂危害。因此，本研究的重点是断层破裂危害的缓解技术。2001年，提出了利用活动断层上方非活性表层的缓冲效应的缓解措施的新思路。人们设计了各种形式的地面改良方法。本发明已申请专利，申请号为2001-316161。2002年进行了一系列物理模型试验和数值分析。结果表明，由吸收层和刚性梁层组成的改良地面表现出显着的性能。此外，刚性梁层的抗弯刚度和锚杆的位置也被证明是一些重要的设计参数。2003年，通过模型试验研究了倾斜滑断层的合适锚杆位置。还设计了设计计算方法，假设刚性梁层为弹性梁，置于惠克勒弹簧上。然后，一些模拟实验结果的试验计算证明，该设计模型足以预测改良地面的性能。最后，尝试计算假设铁路货车穿越走滑断层的原型行为。计算结果表明，所提出的地面改良方法可以有效地显着减少铁路设施的结构损坏。