Study on Practical Method for Estimating Thermal Performance of a Detached Home

在日本的住房市场上，为了保护消费者的利益，越来越需要绩效评估。为此，日本政府最近修订了《建筑标准法》，建立了相应的制度，为适应这种需要，研究了基于现场测量的独立住宅热性能评估的实用方法。热损失系数和太阳热得系数是判断建筑围护结构热性能的重要指标。因此，本文用这两个系数来描述政府节能标准。研究内容和结果如下：(1)采用系统辨识的方法，从动态温度数据中获取这两个系数。利用计算机模拟计算得到的温度数据验证了该方法的有效性。(2)利用实际温度数据在小型实验住宅中进行了现场测量，对该动态方法进行了评估。并在一个多房间住宅中进行了实验测量，在室外条件近似恒定的情况下，静态法是可行的。(4)在实际的实验住宅中进行了现场测量，研究了室内采暖的简化。为此，提出了一种实用的动态辨识方法。

Performance evaluation has been needed more and more to protect consumer's benefit in housing market of Japan. So that Japanese Government recently revised "Building Standard Law" and established" System.In order to correspond to such needs, practical methods are studied for estimating thermal performance of a detached home on basis of field measurement. Heat loss coefficient and solar heat gain coefficient are most important to judge thermal performance of building envelope. Therefore Governmental Energy Conservation Standards are described using the two coefficients.Contents and results of this research are as follows.(1) System identification method was adopted to obtain the two coefficients from dynamic temperature data. Validity of the method was verified by applying temperature data calculated with computer simulation.(2) Field measurements in a small experimental home were carried out to evaluate this dynamic method using actual temperature data. Consequently reliability and realizablity of the identification method were verified.(3) Experimental measurements in a multi-room home were also conducted and static method was regarded as useful if outdoor condition is approximately constant.(4) Field measurements were performed in actual test homes and simplification of heating inside was studied. So a practical method was proposed in the dynamic identification.